ArticleSleep2015
The Use of Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists and Risk of Respiratory Failure in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Case-Control Study.
Article in Sleep, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Short-term sleep benefitsFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- The effect of benzodiazepines on insomnia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis of treatment efficacy and safety.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2016Pooled it
- Respiratory safety of lemborexant in adult and elderly subjects with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Journal of sleep research · 2025Trial
- Benzodiazepines in Epilepsy: A US Perspective on Clinical Use, Pharmacology, Abuse Methods, and Public Health Considerations.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Precision Medicine in Overlap Syndrome (COPD-Obstructive Sleep Apnea): From Phenotypes and Endotypes to Treatable Traits.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Review
- Case Report: Trazodone as a possible treatment for psychiatric adverse events related to ALK inhibitors.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Lower respiratory rate during sleep in children with angelman syndrome compared to age-matched controls.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Article
- Combined Inflammatory Markers for Predicting Acute Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Respiratory Failure.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Significance and Treatment Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Breathing on the mind: Treating dyspnea and anxiety symptoms with biofeedback in chronic lung disease - A qualitative analysis.Respiratory medicine · 2024Article
- Supplemental oxygen and noninvasive ventilation.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2023Article
- Insomnia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and associations with healthcare utilization and costs.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Association Between Hypnotic Use and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Insomnia.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2023Article
- An observational study of the factors associated with frequency of outpatient benzodiazepine prescribing to patients receiving chronic opioid analgesic therapy in primary care at a major academic center.BMC primary care · 2022Observational
- Increased Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Patients with Hyperlipidemia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Opioids, benzodiazepines, and COVID-19: A recipe for risk.Journal of hospital medicine · 2022Article
- Benefit-Risk Assessment of Psychotropic Drugs in Older Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Drugs & aging · 2022Review
- Use of antipsychotics and the risk of acute respiratory failure among adults: A disease risk score-matched nested case-control study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Article
- Benzodiazepine Prescribing in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Clinical Considerations.Drugs & aging · 2020Review
- Drug Safety of Benzodiazepines in Asian Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesInsomnia is prevalent in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRAs) are the most commonly used drugs despite their adverse effects on respiratory function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of BZRAs was associated with an increased risk of respiratory failure (RF) in COPD patients.
designMatched case-control study.
settingNational Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan.
participantsThe case group consisted of 2,434 COPD patients with RF, and the control group consisted of 2,434 COPD patients without RF, matched for age, sex, and date of enrollment. MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsExposure to BZRAs during the 180-day period preceding the index date was analyzed and compared in the case and control groups. Conditional logistic regression was performed, and the use of BZRAs was associated with an increased risk of RF (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-2.13). In subgroup analysis, we found that the benzodiazepine (BZD) users had a higher risk of RF (aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.14-2.20), whereas the risk in non-benzodiazepine (non-BZD) users was insignificant (aOR 0.85, 95% CI 0.51-1.44). A greater than 2-fold increase in risk was found in those who received two or more kinds of BZRAs and those using a combination of BZD and non-BZD medications.
conclusionsThe use of benzodiazepine receptor agonists was a significant risk factor for respiratory failure in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Compared to benzodiazepine, the prescription of non-benzodiazepine may be safer for the management of insomnia in COPD patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.