ReviewJournal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection2014
Pharmacokinetics of intravitreal antibiotics in endophthalmitis.
Review in Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of prophylactic simultaneous intravitreal moxifloxacin injection with standard intravitreal anti-VEGF injection procedure in cases of cystoid macular edema and macular neovascularization.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Trial
- Management of Acute-Onset Exogenous Endophthalmitis in French University Hospitals: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Current Recommendations, Antibiotic Resistance, and Emerging Treatments for Gram-Positive Ocular Infections in the United States.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pharmacological principles of intravitreal drug therapy and their implications for clinical practice: a primer for the ophthalmologist.Eye (London, England) · 2026Review
- Safety and efficacy of echinocandin antifungal agents inAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Slow Thinking for Fast Results: Reclaiming Analytical Reasoning in Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Interpretation.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Real-World Validation of the VIVEX Formula for Vitreous Volume Estimation in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A First Clinical Case Series.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Article
- Case Report: Maculopathy following standard dose intracameral cefuroxime injection during ICL surgery.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Profiling of Ocular Fluid Identifies Host Response Factors for Risk Stratification in Bacterial Endophthalmitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Combined pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for the treatment of acute postoperative infectious endophthalmitis.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Mathematical Models of Ocular Drug Delivery.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Review
- Surgical approach to endophthalmitis: an overview.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- [Surgical therapy and pathogen detection in endogenous endophthalmitis : Analysis of data from five German eye hospitals].Die Ophthalmologie · 2024Article
- Susceptibility of Ocular Surface Bacteria to Various Antibiotic Agents in a Romanian Ophthalmology Clinic.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Endophthalmitis in Silicone Oil-Filled Eyes.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The Role of Silicone Oil in the Surgical Management of Endophthalmitis: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Anti-Infective Treatment and Resistance Is Rarely Problematic with Eye Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antimicrobial guide to posterior segment infections.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2021Review
- Endophthalmitis management study. Report #1. Protocol.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Speciation and Antibiotic Susceptibilities of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci Isolated from Ocular Infections.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Intravitreal antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment in the management of infectious endophthalmitis. Basic knowledge of the commonly used intravitreal antibiotics, which includes their pharmacokinetics, half-life, duration of action and clearance, is essential for elimination of intraocular infection without any iatrogenic adverse effect to the ocular tissue. Various drugs have been studied over the past century to achieve this goal. We performed a comprehensive review of the antibiotics which have been used for intravitreal route and the pharmacokinetic factors influencing the drug delivery and safety profile of these antibiotics. Using online resources like PubMed and Google Scholar, articles were reviewed. The articles were confined to the English language only. We present a broad overview of pharmacokinetic concepts fundamental for use of intravitreal antibiotics in endophthalmitis along with a tabulated compendium of the intravitreal antibiotics using available literature. Recent advances for increasing bioavailability of antibiotics to the posterior segment with the development of controlled drug delivery devices are also described.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.