ArticleDiseases of aquatic organisms2015
Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxin-like genes in a plasmid of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the causative agent of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) of shrimp.
Article in Diseases of aquatic organisms, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
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100 citing papers in PubMed, 341 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Qstatin Has Broad-Spectrum Antivirulence Activity Towards Shrimp-Pathogenic Vibrios.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Whole-Genome Resequencing Reveals Selection Signals Associated with Vibrio parahaemolyticus Stress Tolerance in Portunus trituberculatus.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- NativePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genome-based characterization of AHPND and non-AHPNDFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Characterization of Pathogenic Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae From Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei): An Emerging Cause of Mass Mortality in the Republic of Korea.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Pathogenic Characteristics of Shrimp Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS)-Causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus: A Comparative Transcriptomic Study Suggests the Relationship Between Metabolic Fitness and Virulence Gene Expression.Environmental microbiology reports · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- History of Shrimp Farming and the Main Viral and Bacterial Diseases in Mexico.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- In-depth characterization of virulence traits, pathogenicity, antibiogram, and antibiotic resistance genes of MDR Vibrio parahaemolyticus retrieved from shrimp.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Transcriptome Analysis of Potential Genes Involved in Innate Immunity in Mudflat Crab (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Simultaneous detection of five shrimp pathogens using a single-tube EvaGreen real-time PCR assay with differential melting temperature.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Synergistic effects of commensals and phage predation in suppressing colonization by pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- Complete genome sequences ofData in brief · 2025Article
- Article
- Genomic and Pathological Characterization of Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND)-Associated Natural MutantAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Review
- Updated roles of the gut microbiota in exploring shrimp etiology, polymicrobial pathogens, and disease incidence.Zoological research · 2024Review
- Article
- Article
- Dietary Poly-β-Hydroxybutyrate Improved the Growth, Non-specific Immunity, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Intestinal Morphology, Phagocytic Activity, and Disease Resistance Against Vibrio parahaemolyticus of Pacific White Shrimp, Penaeus vannamei.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The 69 kb plasmid pVPA3-1 was identified in Vibrio parahaemolyticus strain 13‑028/A3 that can cause acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND). This disease is responsible for mass mortalities in farmed penaeid shrimp and is referred to as early mortality syndrome (EMS). The plasmid has a GC content of 45.9% with a copy number of 37 per bacterial cell as determined by comparative quantitative PCR analyses. It consists of 92 open reading frames that encode mobilization proteins, replication enzymes, transposases, virulence-associated proteins, and proteins similar to Photorhabdus insect-related (Pir) toxins. In V. parahaemolyticus, these Pir toxin-like proteins are encoded by 2 genes (pirA- and pirB-like) located within a 3.5 kb fragment flanked with inverted repeats of a transposase-coding sequence (1 kb). The GC content of these 2 genes is only 38.2%, substantially lower than that of the rest of the plasmid, which suggests that these genes were recently acquired. Based on a proteomic analysis, the pirA-like (336 bp) and pirB-like (1317 bp) genes encode for 13 and 50 kDa proteins, respectively. In laboratory cultures of V. parahaemolyticus 13-028/A3, both proteins were secreted into the culture medium. We developed a duplex PCR diagnostic method, with a detection limit of 10(5) CFU ml(-1) and targeting pirA- and pirB-like genes in this strain of V. parahaemolyticus. This PCR protocol can reliably detect AHPND-causing strains of V. parahaemolyticus and does not cross react with non-pathogenic strains or with other species of Vibrio isolated from shrimp ponds.
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