ReviewThe Journal of general virology2015
Tropism of human pegivirus (formerly known as GB virus C/hepatitis G virus) and host immunomodulation: insights into a highly successful viral infection.
Review in The Journal of general virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of hepatitis G virus infection among 67,348 blood donors in mainland China.BMC public health · 2019Pooled it
- Human Pegivirus Type 1 Prevalence in the General Population, Type 2 Diabetes and Cancer Patients in Taizhou, Jiangsu, China.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A pegivirus associated with encephalitis in red-legged partridges shows neurotropism across avian species.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Identification and geographic evolutionary analysis of human pegivirus infection based on metatranscriptomic sequencing.Virologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Blood virome profiling reveals subtype-specific viral signatures and reduced diversity in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Virulence · 2025Article
- Disseminated Listeria monocytogenes and human pegivirus-1 coinfection.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Circulating cell-free RNA signatures for the characterization and diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Human pegivirus alters brain and blood immune and transcriptomic profiles of patients with Parkinson's disease.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Frequency and Genotype Diversity of Human Pegiviruses (HPgV) in People Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Genetic characterization of the respiratory tract viruses in Jilin, Northeast China, 2023.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Molecular characterization and frequency of human pegivirus type 1 (HPgV-1) in kidney transplant recipients from Central-West Brazil.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2024Article
- The plasma viral communities associate with clinical profiles in a large-scale haematological patients cohort.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Pegivirus Detection in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Central Nervous System Infections of Unknown Etiology in Brazil by Viral Metagenomics.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Detection of Twenty DNA and RNA Viruses in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients Plasma.Viruses · 2023Observational
- Plasma virome dynamics in chronic hepatitis B virus infected patients.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Review of human pegivirus: Prevalence, transmission, pathogenesis, and clinical implication.Virulence · 2022Review
- Screening of febrile patients with suspected malaria from the Brazilian Amazon for virus infection.Archives of virology · 2022Article
- The Second Human Pegivirus, a Non-Pathogenic RNA Virus with Low Prevalence and Minimal Genetic Diversity.Viruses · 2022Review
- Clinical and molecular aspects of human pegiviruses in the interaction host and infectious agent.Virology journal · 2022Review
- Exosomal miRNA-328-3p targets ZO-3 and inhibits porcine epidemic diarrhea virus proliferation.Archives of virology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human pegivirus (HPgV; originally called GB virus C/hepatitis G virus) is an RNA virus within the genus Pegivirus of the family Flaviviridae that commonly causes persistent infection. Worldwide, ~750 million people are actively infected (viraemic) and an estimated 0.75-1.5 billion people have evidence of prior HPgV infection. No causal association between HPgV and disease has been identified; however, several studies described a beneficial relationship between persistent HPgV infection and survival in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The beneficial effect appeared to be related to a reduction in host immune activation. HPgV replicates well in vivo (mean plasma viral loads typically >1×107 genome copies ml-1); however, the virus grows poorly in vitro and systems to study this virus are limited. Consequently, mechanisms of viral persistence and host immune modulation remain poorly characterized, and the primary permissive cell type(s) has not yet been identified. HPgV RNA is found in liver, spleen, bone marrow and PBMCs, including T- and B-lymphocytes, NK-cells, and monocytes, although the mechanism of cell-to-cell transmission is unclear. HPgV RNA is also present in serum microvesicles with properties of exosomes. These microvesicles are able to transmit viral RNA to PBMCs in vitro, resulting in productive infection. This review summarizes existing data on HPgV cellular tropism and the effect of HPgV on immune activation in various PBMCs, and discusses how this may influence viral persistence. We conclude that an increased understanding of HPgV replication and immune modulation may provide insights into persistent RNA viral infection of humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.