ArticleThe Journal of general virology2015
Anti-inflammatory activity of intravenous immunoglobulins protects against West Nile virus encephalitis.
Article in The Journal of general virology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06590207 (Administering Convalescent Plasma Rich With Neutralizing Abs. to Hospitalized Adults With WNV - a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Administering Convalescent Plasma Rich With Neutralizing Abs. to Hospitalized Adults With WNV - a Double-blind Randomized Controlled Study
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulins for the treatment of viral encephalitis: a systematic literature review.Journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- West Nile virus: epidemiology, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and open research questions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease: Current Management, Emerging Therapies and Future Clinical Trial Priorities.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Detection of autoantibodies against Interferon Type I in patients with autochthonous West Nile Virus encephalitis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Monitoring of immunoglobulin treatment compliance of patients with an inborn error of immunity during the pandemic period.BMC immunology · 2025Article
- CD11b maintains West Nile virus replication through modulation of immune response in human neuroblastoma cells.Virology journal · 2024Article
- Passive antibody therapy in emerging infectious diseases.Frontiers of medicine · 2023Review
- Effect of intravenous immunoglobulin therapy on the prognosis of patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and neurological complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Polyclonal hyper immunoglobulin: A proven treatment and prophylaxis platform for passive immunization to address existing and emerging diseases.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Review
- Risk Factors of Neurological Complications in Severe Fever Patients with Thrombolytic Syndrome: A Single-Center Retrospective Study in China.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2021Article
- Unusual Movement Disorders and Atypical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings in Patients with West Nile Encephalitis: Case Reports of 2 Patients with Evidence of Clinical and Imaging Resolution with IVIG.The American journal of case reports · 2021Article
- Review
- Impact of immune enhancement on Covid-19 polyclonal hyperimmune globulin therapy and vaccine development.EBioMedicine · 2020Review
- Could Intravenous Immunoglobulin Collected from Recovered Coronavirus Patients Protect against COVID-19 and Strengthen the Immune System of New Patients?International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- West Nile encephalitis mimicking neuropsychiatric lupus in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.BMJ case reports · 2019Article
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy EliminatesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Rapidly progressive neurologic decline and morbilliform rash presenting in a patient with lymphoma.Clinics and practice · 2018Article
- Acute Flaccid Paralysis by Enterovirus D68 Infection: First Italian Description in Adult Patient and Role of Electrophysiology.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Article
- Prevalence of Neutralizing Antibodies to Japanese Encephalitis Virus among High-Risk Age Groups in South Korea, 2010.PloS one · 2016Article
- Fc receptors in antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infections.Immunological reviews · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV), an important global human pathogen, targets neurons to cause lethal encephalitis, primarily in elderly and immunocompromised patients. Currently, there are no approved therapeutic agents or vaccines to treat WNV encephalitis. Recent studies have suggested that inflammation is a major contributor to WNV encephalitis morbidity. In this study we evaluated the use of IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulins - a clinical product comprising pooled human IgG) as an anti-inflammatory treatment in a model of lethal WNV infection. We report here that IVIG and pooled human WNV convalescent sera (WNV-IVIG) inhibited development of lethal WNV encephalitis by suppressing central nervous system (CNS) infiltration by CD45(high) leukocytes. Pathogenic Ly6C(high) CD11b(+) monocytes were the major infiltrating subset in the CNS of infected control mice, whereas IVIG profoundly reduced infiltration of these pathogenic Ly6C(high) monocytes into the CNS of infected mice. Interestingly, WNV-IVIG was more efficacious than IVIG in controlling CNS inflammation when mice were challenged with a high-dose inoculum (10(5) versus 10(4) p.f.u.) of WNV. Importantly, adsorption of WNV E-glycoprotein neutralizing antibodies did not abrogate IVIG protection, consistent with virus neutralization not being essential for IVIG protection. These findings confirmed the potent immunomodulatory activity of generic IVIG, and emphasized its potential as an effective immunotherapeutic drug for encephalitis and other virus induced inflammatory diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.