ArticleEndocrine2015
Prospective population-based study of the association between vitamin D status and incidence of autoimmune disease.
Article in Endocrine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on systemic inflammation and disease-specific markers in patients with autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Vitamin D and thyroid disorders: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of observational studies.BMC endocrine disorders · 2021Pooled it
- Guideline
- Serum Vitamin D Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity: Review and Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Vitamin D and marine omega 3 fatty acid supplementation and incident autoimmune disease: VITAL randomized controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Trial
- Lifestyle and environmental risk factors for adult-onset autoimmune diabetes: current evidence and future directions.Diabetologia · 2026Review
- Cadmium-Induced Toxicity as a Pathophysiological Mechanism for Parkinson's Disease Onset in Individuals with Iron and Zinc Deficiencies and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Neurology international · 2026Review
- The therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in asthma.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Review
- The causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on its ocular manifestations: A Mendelian randomization study.PloS one · 2025Article
- The Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Immune-Related Hub Genes: A Network Analysis Associated With Type 1 Diabetes.Cureus · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Vitamin D deficiency increases with age and adiposity in Emirati children and adolescents irrespective of type 1 diabetes mellitus: a case control study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- Vitamin D status and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC rheumatology · 2023Article
- Association between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Iridocyclitis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Causal association between common rheumatic diseases and glaucoma: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- On the Centennial of Vitamin D-Vitamin D, Inflammation, and Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Web of Links and Implications.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Article
- Genetic Susceptibility to Joint Occurrence of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: How Far Is Our Understanding?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Beside its traditional role in skeletal health, vitamin D is believed to have multiple immunosuppressant properties, and low vitamin D status has been suggested to be a risk factor in the development of autoimmune disease. We investigated the association between vitamin D status and development of autoimmune disease. We included a total of 12,555 individuals from three population-based studies with measurements of vitamin D status (25-hydroxy vitamin D). We followed the participants by linkage to the Danish National Patient Register (median follow-up time 10.8 years). Relative risks of autoimmune disease were estimated by Cox regression and expressed as hazard ratios, HRs (95 % confidence intervals CIs). There were 525 cases of incident autoimmune disease. The risk for a 10 nmol/l higher vitamin D was: for any autoimmune disease (HR = 0.94 % CI 0.90, 0.98); thyrotoxicosis (HR = 0.83, 95 % CI 0.72, 0.96); type 1 diabetes (HR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.88, 1.02), multiple sclerosis (HR = 0.89, 95 % CI 0.74, 1.07), iridocyclitis (HR = 1.00, 95 % CI 0.86, 1.17); Crohn's disease (HR = 0.95, 95 % CI 0.80, 1.13), ulcerative colitis (HR = 0.88, 95 % CI 0.75, 1.04); psoriasis vulgaris (HR = 0.99, 95 % CI 0.86, 1.13); seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (HR = 0.97, 95 % CI 0.89, 1.07), and polymyalgia rheumatica (HR = 0.94, 95 % CI 0.83, 1.06). We found statistically significant inverse associations between vitamin D status and development of any autoimmune disease and thyrotoxicosis in particular. Our findings suggest a possible protective role of a higher vitamin D status on autoimmune disease but warrant further studies to clarify causality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25666936What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.