ArticleNature communications2015
Improving image contrast and material discrimination with nonlinear response in bimodal atomic force microscopy.
Article in Nature communications, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Wavelet Transform-Based Atomic Force Microscopy: A Computational Paradigm for Dynamic Nanoscale Imaging and Characterisation.Small science · 2026Article
- Nonlinear Harmonics: A Gateway to Enhanced Image Contrast and Material Discrimination.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Incongruous Harmonics of Vibrating Solid-Solid Interface.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Transformative insights in breast cancer: review of atomic force microscopy applications.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Tailored Microcantilever Optimization for Multifrequency Force Microscopy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Nanoscale characterization of an all-oxide core-shell nanorod heterojunction using intermodulation atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods.Nanoscale advances · 2021Article
- Design of V-shaped cantilevers for enhanced multifrequency AFM measurements.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2020Article
- A review of demodulation techniques for multifrequency atomic force microscopy.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2020Review
- Different directional energy dissipation of heterogeneous polymers in bimodal atomic force microscopy.RSC advances · 2019Article
- Lyapunov estimation for high-speed demodulation in multifrequency atomic force microscopy.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2018Article
- Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2017Article
- A review of demodulation techniques for amplitude-modulation atomic force microscopy.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2017Review
- High-bandwidth multimode self-sensing in bimodal atomic force microscopy.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy has recently been extented to bimodal operation, where increased image contrast is achieved through excitation and measurement of two cantilever eigenmodes. This enhanced material contrast is advantageous in analysis of complex heterogeneous materials with phase separation on the micro or nanometre scale. Here we show that much greater image contrast results from analysis of nonlinear response to the bimodal drive, at harmonics and mixing frequencies. The amplitude and phase of up to 17 frequencies are simultaneously measured in a single scan. Using a machine-learning algorithm we demonstrate almost threefold improvement in the ability to separate material components of a polymer blend when including this nonlinear response. Beyond the statistical analysis performed here, analysis of nonlinear response could be used to obtain quantitative material properties at high speeds and with enhanced resolution.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.