Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25664181›Full record

ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2015

Metformin and breast and gynecological cancer risk among women with diabetes.

Diana Soffer, Jiaxiao Shi, Joanie Chung, Joanne E Schottinger, Lauren P Wallner, Rowan T Chlebowski, Scott E Lentz, Reina Haque

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Metformin Reshapes the Methylation Profile in Breast and Colorectal Cancer CellsAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2018
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Expanding the therapeutic spectrum of metformin: from diabetes to cancer.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2015
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Diana SofferSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Jiaxiao ShiSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Joanie ChungSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Joanne E SchottingerSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Lauren P WallnerSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Rowan T ChlebowskiDivision of Medical Oncology and Hematology , Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
Scott E LentzDepartment of Gynecologic Oncology , Kaiser Permanente Southern California , Los Angeles, California , USA.
Reina HaqueSouthern California Permanente Medical Group, Department of Research & Evaluation, Pasadena, California , USA.
Harbor–UCLA Medical Center · USKaiser Permanente · US

Funding

ABC: Antidepressants and Breast Cancer PharmacoepidemiologyR01CA136743 · NCI · KAISER FOUNDATION RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI HAQUE, REINA · 2010 to 2012
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA136743
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe investigated if metformin lowers breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with women who used other antidiabetic medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe followed a cohort of 66 778 female patients with diabetes for a maximum of 12 years (median 6 years). We examined breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer risk, and the composite cancer risk. We examined drug categories using pharmacy records: metformin only; metformin combination regimens; non-metformin regimens; and non-users. We used χ(2) analyses to examine categorical variables. We conducted multivariable Cox regression models with time-dependent drug use status.

resultsWomen who used metformin combination regimens versus metformin only had a 15% lower breast cancer risk (adjusted HR=0.85, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.04). After stratifying by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), the association attenuated in those who had poorly controlled HbA1c (adjusted HR=1.06, 95% CI 0.73 to 1.55). Given the small numbers of ovarian and endometrial cancer outcomes, we examined these as a composite. The risk of all cancers combined was similar in those who used metformin combination regimens versus metformin only (adjusted HR=0.92, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.10). We found no significant differences for breast cancer or all cancers combined when we compared risks in non-metformin users versus metformin only users.

conclusionsWomen who used metformin and other antidiabetic drugs had a lower breast cancer risk compared with women who used metformin only, but the results were not significant. We also found no difference in overall cancer risks when we compared women who used other antidiabetic drugs (no metformin) versus metformin users.

Indexed as

Breast CancerCancerCohortMetformin

Identifiers

PMID25664181
PMCPMC4316195
OpenAlexW2049119217

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.