ReviewSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2015
Performance-enhancing substances in sports: a review of the literature.
Review in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Performance-Enhancing Drugs in Healthy Athletes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.Sports healthPooled it
- Pooled it
- Greatest of All Time: Development of a Ranking System to Determine the Most Successful Olympic and World Championship Runners Since 1896.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- The Role of Athlete Support Personnel in Anti-Doping: A Narrative Review of Contemporary Evidence.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Fitness and Dietary Supplements: A Cross-Sectional Study on Food Practices and Nutrivigilance.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Case report: Fatal long-term intoxication by 2,4-dinitrophenol and anabolic steroids in a young bodybuilder with muscle dysmorphia.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Curiositas.The Ulster medical journal · 2023Article
- Prevalence of dietary supplement consumption among CrossFit practitioners.Nutrire : revista de Sociedade Brasileira de Alimentacao e Nutricao = journal of the Brazilian Society of Food and Nutrition · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Use and Chronic Abuse of CNS Stimulants and Anabolic Drugs.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Review
- Prevalence of performance enhancing substance use among elite football players in two super league teams in Blantyre, Malawi.Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi · 2022Article
- Validation of theSubstance use & misuse · 2022Article
- Constrictive pericarditis in the setting of repeated chest trauma in a mixed martial arts fighter.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021Article
- Motivators of Indiscriminate and Unsafe Supplement Use among Young Australians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Article
- The Evolving Applications of Creatine Supplementation: Could Creatine Improve Vascular Health?Nutrients · 2020Review
- "Are You Telling the Truth?" - Testing Individuals' Ability to Differentiate Between Truth and Deceit in Soccer.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- The health-related determinants of eating pattern of high school athletes in Goiás, Brazil.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2020Article
- Refined Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Doping Survey Among Recreational Triathletes: Support for the Nutritional Supplement Gateway Hypothesis.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- A Single 60.000 IU Dose of Erythropoietin Does Not Improve Short-Term Aerobic Exercise Performance in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial.Frontiers in physiology · 2020Article
- Review of WADA Prohibited Substances: Limited Evidence for Performance-Enhancing Effects.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Performance-enhancing substances (PESs) have unfortunately become ubiquitous in numerous sports, often tarnishing the spirit of competition. Reported rates of PES use among athletes are variable and range from 5 to 31%. More importantly, some of these substances pose a serious threat to the health and well-being of athletes. Common PESs include anabolic-androgenic steroids, human growth hormone, creatine, erythropoietin and blood doping, amphetamines and stimulants, and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate. With recent advances in technology, gene doping is also becoming more conceivable. Sports medicine physicians are often unfamiliar with these substances and thus do not routinely broach the topic of PESs with their patients. However, to effect positive change in the sports community, physicians must educate themselves about the physiology, performance benefits, adverse effects, and testing methods. In turn, physicians can then educate athletes at all levels and prevent the use of potentially dangerous PESs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25663250What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.