ArticleNeurology2015
Long-term disability after lacunar stroke: secondary prevention of small subcortical strokes.
Article in Neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Sex-specific risk factors and clinical dementia outcomes for white matter hyperintensities in a large South Korean cohort.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Observational
- Stroke Rehabilitation in India: Addressing Gender Inequities.Journal of lifestyle medicine · 2024Review
- Sex-Specific Risk Factors and Clinical Dementia Outcomes for White Matter Hyperintensities in a large South Korean Cohort.Research square · 2024Article
- What matters to people and families affected by cerebral small vessel disease (SVD)? A qualitative grounded theory investigation.Cerebral circulation - cognition and behavior · 2024Article
- Differences in characteristics between patients from Egypt and Germany presenting with lacunar stroke.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Prevalence and distribution of lacunar stroke in China: a cross-sectional study using self-reported survey data.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Sex is a defining feature of neuroimaging phenotypes in major brain disorders.Human brain mapping · 2022Review
- Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Lacunar Stroke: A Hospital-Based Study.Brain sciences · 2021Article
- Revealing the Influences of Sex Hormones and Sex Differences in Atrial Fibrillation and Vascular Cognitive Impairment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Public Awareness of Ischemic Stroke in Medina city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) · 2021Article
- Cognitive Impairment after Lacunar Stroke and the Risk of Recurrent Stroke and Death.Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Neuropsychological assessment of mild cognitive impairment in Latinx adults: A scoping review.Neuropsychology · 2020Article
- The Association Between Post-stroke Depression, Aphasia, and Physical Independence in Stroke Patients at 3-Month Follow-Up.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2018Article
- The urine albumin-creatinine ratio is a predictor for incident long-term care in a general population.PloS one · 2018Article
- Physical activity, but not body mass index, predicts less disability before and after stroke.Neurology · 2017Article
- Integrity of normal-appearing white matter and functional outcomes after acute ischemic stroke.Neurology · 2017Article
- White matter hyperintensity lesion burden is associated with the infarct volume and 90-day outcome in small subcortical infarcts.Acta neurologica Scandinavica · 2017Article
- Recent Advances in Leukoaraiosis: White Matter Structural Integrity and Functional Outcomes after Acute Ischemic Stroke.Current cardiology reports · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether vascular and demographic factors predict worsening disability up to 8 years after lacunar stroke.
methodsSPS3 (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes) was a clinical trial in lacunar stroke patients with annual assessment of disability using the Older Americans Resources and Survey instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale (range 0-14). Generalized estimating equations modeled the likelihood of disability (IADL <14) over time, adjusting for demographics, medical risk factors, cognition, mood, stroke location, and geographic region in univariate and multivariable models. IADL assessments after recurrent stroke were censored. We stratified by study region and age quartile.
resultsAmong 2,820 participants, mean age was 63.4 years (SD 10.8), 63% were male, 36% had diabetes, 90% hypertension, and 10% prior stroke. Mean follow-up was 3.7 years. In multivariable models, female sex, education, diabetes, nonregular alcohol use, prior stroke, Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument score, depression, mild cognitive impairment, and stroke location were associated with disability. The youngest age quartile had decreased odds of disability over time (odds ratio 0.90 per year, 95% confidence interval 0.85-0.95), whereas the oldest age quartile had increased odds (2.20, 95% confidence interval 1.75-2.75). Americans and Latin Americans had >2-fold greater odds of disability per year compared with Spaniards (p < 0.0001).
conclusionsIn lacunar stroke patients, older age was associated with worsening long-term disability, even without recurrence. Worse long-term function was associated with diabetes, cognitive status, and prior stroke, and regional differences may be attributable to variations in health care delivery or scale interpretation.
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