ArticleGut2016
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells redirected against hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 glycoprotein.
Article in Gut, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Oncology: Exploring the Expanding Role of CAR T Cell Therapy in Autoimmune and Infectious Diseases-A Systematic Review.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Review
- CAR T cell therapy beyond cancer: current status, challenges and future prospects.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Disease-Causing Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Infectious Diseases: Implications for Clinical Management and Public Health.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Immune Exhaustion in Chronic Infection and Cancer: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Targeted Removal of HCV E2 N2 N-Glycan Is Associated with Improved Immune Responses in Mice.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- In vivo CAR engineering for immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases: Current Advances and Future Perspectives.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Emerging CAR immunotherapies: broadening therapeutic horizons beyond cancer.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Unveiling the nexus between direct-acting antivirals in hepatitis C virus elimination and immune response.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Viral oncogenesis in cancer: from mechanisms to therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Diverse potential of chimeric antigen receptor-engineered cell therapy: Beyond cancer.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Review
- The Malignant Transformation of Viral Hepatitis to Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms and Interventions.MedComm · 2025Review
- Advances in engineered T cell immunotherapy for autoimmune and other non-oncological diseases.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Review
- Glycoprotein 350-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for nonneoplastic chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection: a case report.Translational pediatrics · 2024Article
- Synergistic integration of mRNA-LNP with CAR-engineered immune cells: Pioneering progress in immunotherapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Review
- The expanded application of CAR-T cell therapy for the treatment of multiple non-tumoral diseases.Protein & cell · 2024Article
- A review of immune modulators and immunotherapy in infectious diseases.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- Leveraging oncovirus-derived antigen against the viral malignancies in adoptive cell therapies.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- The construction of modular universal chimeric antigen receptor T (MU-CAR-T) cells by covalent linkage of allogeneic T cells and various antibody fragments.Molecular cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe recent availability of novel antiviral drugs has raised new hope for a more effective treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and its severe sequelae. However, in the case of non-responding or relapsing patients, alternative strategies are needed. To this end we have used chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), a very promising approach recently used in several clinical trials to redirect primary human T cells against different tumours. In particular, we designed the first CARs against HCV targeting the HCV/E2 glycoprotein (HCV/E2).
designAnti-HCV/E2 CARs were composed of single-chain variable fragments (scFvs) obtained from a broadly cross-reactive and cross-neutralising human monoclonal antibody (mAb), e137, fused to the intracellular signalling motif of the costimulatory CD28 molecule and the CD3ζ domain. Activity of CAR-grafted T cells was evaluated in vitro against HCV/E2-transfected cells as well as hepatocytes infected with cell culture-derived HCV (HCVcc).
resultsIn this proof-of-concept study, retrovirus-transduced human T cells expressing anti-HCV/E2 CARs were endowed with specific antigen recognition accompanied by degranulation and secretion of proinflammatory and antiviral cytokines, such as interferon γ, interleukin 2 and tumour necrosis factor α. Moreover, CAR-grafted T cells were capable of lysing target cells of both hepatic and non-hepatic origin expressing on their surface the HCV/E2 glycoproteins of the most clinically relevant genotypes, including 1a, 1b, 2a, 3a, 4 and 5. Finally, and more importantly, they were capable of lysing HCVcc-infected hepatocytes.
conclusionsClearance of HCV-infected cells is a major therapeutic goal in chronic HCV infection, and adoptive transfer of anti-HCV/E2 CARs-grafted T cells represents a promising new therapeutic tool.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.