ArticleBMJ open2015
TElehealth in CHronic disease: mixed-methods study to develop the TECH conceptual model for intervention design and evaluation.
Article in BMJ open, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interactive Remote Patient Monitoring Devices for Managing Chronic Health Conditions: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- Remote Monitoring Systems for Patients With Chronic Diseases in Primary Health Care: Systematic Review.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2021Pooled it
- Trial
- Digital health system for personalised COPD long-term management.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Telehealth for patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease: pragmatic randomised controlled trial.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2016Trial
- Acceptability of Telehealth as the Default Modality for Multiple Sclerosis Care in Switzerland: Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Article
- Uptake of video telehealth in general practice: an Australian whole-of-population analysis.BJGP open · 2025Article
- Telemedicine for persons with epilepsy in India: a mixed methods study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Internet-Based Remote Patient Monitoring Systems for Chronic Disease Management in Asian.Patient preference and adherence · 2025Review
- Patient Preference and Mobile Application Use in Hemophilia A: A Cross-Sectional Survey from Eastern Europe.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- Article
- Effect of Chronic Disease Home Telehealth Monitoring in the Veterans Health Administration on Healthcare Utilization and Mortality.Journal of general internal medicine · 2023Article
- Preliminary Clinical Outcomes of the Hello Sunday Morning Alcohol and Wellbeing Self-Assessment: Feasibility and Acceptability Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Article
- Effect evaluation of a tele-neurologic intervention in primary care in a rural area in Germany-the NeTKoH study protocol of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Changes in general practice use and costs with COVID-19 and telehealth initiatives: analysis of Australian whole-population linked data.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2023Article
- Frameworks for Implementation, Uptake, and Use of Cardiometabolic Disease-Related Digital Health Interventions in Ethnic Minority Populations: Scoping Review.JMIR cardio · 2022Article
- Advancing multimorbidity management in primary care: a narrative review.Primary health care research & development · 2022Review
- First experience of a hemophilia monitoring platform: florio HAEMO.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo develop a conceptual model for effective use of telehealth in the management of chronic health conditions, and to use this to develop and evaluate an intervention for people with two exemplar conditions: raised cardiovascular disease risk and depression.
designThe model was based on several strands of evidence: a metareview and realist synthesis of quantitative and qualitative evidence on telehealth for chronic conditions; a qualitative study of patients' and health professionals' experience of telehealth; a quantitative survey of patients' interest in using telehealth; and review of existing models of chronic condition management and evidence-based treatment guidelines. Based on these evidence strands, a model was developed and then refined at a stakeholder workshop. Then a telehealth intervention ('Healthlines') was designed by incorporating strategies to address each of the model components. The model also provided a framework for evaluation of this intervention within parallel randomised controlled trials in the two exemplar conditions, and the accompanying process evaluations and economic evaluations.
settingPrimary care.
resultsThe TElehealth in CHronic Disease (TECH) model proposes that attention to four components will offer interventions the best chance of success: (1) engagement of patients and health professionals, (2) effective chronic disease management (including subcomponents of self-management, optimisation of treatment, care coordination), (3) partnership between providers and (4) patient, social and health system context. Key intended outcomes are improved health, access to care, patient experience and cost-effective care.
conclusionsA conceptual model has been developed based on multiple sources of evidence which articulates how telehealth may best provide benefits for patients with chronic health conditions. It can be used to structure the design and evaluation of telehealth programmes which aim to be acceptable to patients and providers, and cost-effective.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.