ArticlePloS one2015
Impact of anesthesia and euthanasia on metabolomics of mammalian tissues: studies in a C57BL/6J mouse model.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 86 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 155 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardioprotection Through Mitochondrial Modulation: A Systematic Review of Pharmacological Interventions in Animal Models of I/R Injury.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in Wilson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis across human and animal models.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of the "living high-training low" model on key proteins involved in cellular aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in male C57BL/6J mice.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- Chrysoeriol-Mediated Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease in Mice: Targeting Apoptosis, α-Synuclein Accumulation, and Functional Recovery.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Lesion level and severity acutely influence metabolomic profiles in spinal cord injury.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Metabolic reprogramming in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: emerging mechanisms, candidate biomarkers, and future therapeutic directions.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Anesthesia, perimortem conditions, and brain harvest method govern the measured metabolome: analysis of substandard samples generates flawed metabolite levels.Oxford open neuroscience · 2026Article
- Tumour sampling conditions perturb the metabolic landscape of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Methodologies to Identify Metabolic Pathway Differences Between Emaciated and Moderately Conditioned Horses: A Review of Multiple Gene Expression Techniques.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Exploring Immediate Photon Effects From 635 nm Light on Mitochondrial Bioenergetics.Journal of biophotonics · 2025Article
- Distinguishing shear and tensile myocardial wall stiffness using ex vivo anisotropic Magnetic Resonance Elastography.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- Limited preventive effects of empagliflozin against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a mouse model of fast food diet.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2025Article
- Simultaneous in vivo multi-organ fluxomics reveals divergent metabolic adaptations in liver, heart, and skeletal muscle during obesity.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Anticancer activity ofHeliyon · 2025Article
- Quantitative analysis of serum metabolites in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- A brief harvesting-freezing delay significantly alters the kidney metabolome and leads to false positive and negative results.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2024Article
- Hypoxic-Ischemic Insult Alters Polyamine and Neurotransmitter Abundance in the Specific Neonatal Rat Brain Subregions.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Black seed oil reverses chronic antibiotic-mediated depression and social behaviour deficits via modulation of hypothalamic mitochondrial-dependent markers and insulin expression.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2024Article
- Changes in blood metabolomes as potential markers for severity and prognosis in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: a study in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Gut metabolic changes during pregnancy reveal the importance of gastrointestinal region in sample collection.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2024Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A critical application of metabolomics is the evaluation of tissues, which are often the primary sites of metabolic dysregulation in disease. Laboratory rodents have been widely used for metabolomics studies involving tissues due to their facile handing, genetic manipulability and similarity to most aspects of human metabolism. However, the necessary step of administration of anesthesia in preparation for tissue sampling is not often given careful consideration, in spite of its potential for causing alterations in the metabolome. We examined, for the first time using untargeted and targeted metabolomics, the effect of several commonly used methods of anesthesia and euthanasia for collection of skeletal muscle, liver, heart, adipose and serum of C57BL/6J mice. The data revealed dramatic, tissue-specific impacts of tissue collection strategy. Among many differences observed, post-euthanasia samples showed elevated levels of glucose 6-phosphate and other glycolytic intermediates in skeletal muscle. In heart and liver, multiple nucleotide and purine degradation metabolites accumulated in tissues of euthanized compared to anesthetized animals. Adipose tissue was comparatively less affected by collection strategy, although accumulation of lactate and succinate in euthanized animals was observed in all tissues. Among methods of tissue collection performed pre-euthanasia, ketamine showed more variability compared to isoflurane and pentobarbital. Isoflurane induced elevated liver aspartate but allowed more rapid initiation of tissue collection. Based on these findings, we present a more optimal collection strategy mammalian tissues and recommend that rodent tissues intended for metabolomics studies be collected under anesthesia rather than post-euthanasia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.