ArticlePharmacoepidemiology and drug safety2015
Accuracy of ICD-9-CM coding to identify small for gestational age newborns.
Article in Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Maternal sleep disordered breathing and offspring growth outcome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Sleep medicine reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Continuing Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Into the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Pregnancy Outcomes : A Target Trial Emulation Study Using Claims Information.Annals of internal medicine · 2026Observational
- Small for Gestational Age Coded Diagnoses in Aotearoa New Zealand's Administrative Health Datasets: A Validation Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of ICD-10-CM-based Algorithms for Date of Last Menstrual Period, Pregnancy Outcomes, and Infant Outcomes.Drug safety · 2023Article
- Emulating a target trial of the comparative effectiveness of clomiphene citrate and letrozole for ovulation induction.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2022Article
- Ischemic Placental Disease, Preterm Delivery, and Their Association With Opioid Use During Pregnancy.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Validity of claims-based algorithms to identify neurodevelopmental disorders in children.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2021Article
- Trends in Costs of Birth Hospitalization and Readmissions for Late Preterm Infants.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Warning of Immortal Time Bias When Studying Drug Safety in Pregnancy: Application to Late Use of Antibiotics and Preterm Delivery.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Observational
- Racial Disparities in Prenatal Care Utilization and Infant Small for Gestational Age Among Active Duty US Military Women.Maternal and child health journal · 2020Article
- Neonatal Outcomes in a Medicaid Population With Opioid Dependence.American journal of epidemiology · 2018Article
- Valganciclovir Use Among Commercially and Medicaid-insured Infants With Congenital CMV Infection in the United States, 2009-2015.Clinical therapeutics · 2018Article
- Association between Off-Peak Hour Birth and Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality among Very Low Birth Weight Infants.The Journal of pediatrics · 2017Article
- Effects of a Birth Hospital's Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Level and Annual Volume of Very Low-Birth-Weight Infant Deliveries on Morbidity and Mortality.JAMA pediatrics · 2015Article
- Atovaquone-proguanil exposure in pregnancy and risk for adverse fetal and infant outcomes: A retrospective analysis.Travel medicine and infectious diseaseArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThis study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnosis code for small for gestational age (SGA) recorded in administrative healthcare records using birthweight and gestational age information recorded in electronic medical records.
methodsWe used billing and medical records from women aged 13-55 years who delivered at a tertiary care center in the USA between 2004 and 2011. Information on birthweight, gestational age at birth, and ICD-9-CM code for SGA, 656.5x, was abstracted from the database. Each infant's birthweight percentile for gestational age was calculated on the basis of published US references; infants below the 10th percentile were classified as SGA. The performance characteristics of SGA ICD-9-CM diagnosis code against SGA classification based on birthweight and gestational age were calculated, for all deliveries and by strata of demographic and delivery characteristics.
resultsWe identified 51 292 singleton live birth deliveries. The prevalence of SGA infants calculated from birthweight and gestational age at birth was higher (13%) than the prevalence based on ICD-9-CM code (2%). Sensitivity of the SGA ICD-9-CM code was 14.2%, specificity was 99.7%, positive predictive value was 86.8%, and negative predictive value was 88.4%. Stratification by demographic and delivery characteristics yielded similar results.
conclusionsIdentification of SGA infants using ICD-9-CM code, 656.5x, from administrative healthcare records has low sensitivity but high specificity; the accuracy did not differ across demographic and delivery characteristics. Thus, although this source of information would underestimate the prevalence of SGA, it could produce valid relative risk estimates.
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