ArticleScientific reports2015
The expression and crystallization of Cry65Aa require two C-termini, revealing a novel evolutionary strategy of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry proteins.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Lyoprotective Agents on the Preservation of Survival of aMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- A novel anti-dipteranApplied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- IDOPS, a Profile HMM-Based Tool to Detect Pesticidal Sequences and Compare Their Genetic Context.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Search for Cry proteins expressed by3 Biotech · 2019Article
- Differentiation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Whole-Genome Analysis of Bacillus thuringiensis Revealing Partial Genes as a Source of Novel Cry Toxins.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Small RNA-mediated Cry toxin silencing allows Bacillus thuringiensis to evade Caenorhabditis elegans avoidance behavioral defenses.Nucleic acids research · 2018Article
- Dissimilar Crystal Proteins Cry5Ca1 and Cry5Da1 Synergistically Act against Meloidogyne incognita and Delay Cry5Ba-Based Nematode Resistance.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- In Vivo Crystallization of Three-Domain Cry Toxins.Toxins · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The insecticidal crystal protein (Cry) genes of Bacillus thuringiensis are a key gene resource for generating transgenic crops with pest resistance. However, many cry genes cannot be expressed or form crystals in mother cells. Here, we report a novel Cry protein gene, cry65Aa1, which exists in an operon that contains a downstream gene encoding a hypothetical protein ORF2. We demonstrated that ORF2 is required for Cry65Aa1 expression and crystallization by function as a C-terminal crystallization domain. The orf2 sequence is also required for Cry65Aa expression, because orf2 transcripts have a stabilizing effect on cry65Aa1 transcripts. Furthermore, we found that the crystallization of Cry65Aa1 required the Cry65Aa1 C-terminus in addition to ORF2 or a typical Cry protein C-terminal region. Finally, we showed that Cry65Aa1 has a selective cytotoxic effect on MDA-MB231 cancer cells. This report is the first description of a 130-kDa mass range Cry protein requiring two C-termini for crystallization. Our findings reveal a novel evolutionary strategy of Cry proteins and provide an explanation for the existence of Cry protein genes that cannot form crystals in B. thuringiensis. This study also provides a potential framework for isolating novel cry genes from "no crystal" B. thuringiensis strains.
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