ArticleBMC medical research methodology2015
Impact of variability in adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy on the immunovirological response and mortality.
Article in BMC medical research methodology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Social and Structural Determinants of Household Support for ART Adherence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review .International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- The association between medication non-adherence and adverse health outcomes in ageing populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Bridge Nodes Linking Depression and Medication Taking Self-Efficacy Dimensions Among Persons With HIV: A Secondary Data Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2025Trial
- Including the Household: Individual, Community and Household Factors Affecting Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence After ART Initiation in Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2024Trial
- Personal Approach to Treatment Choices for HIV (PATCH): Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Motivational Enhancement Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence in Persons with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2020Trial
- Associations of stigma, loneliness, and treatment self-regulation with HIV medication adherence among individuals with substance use disorder using a mobile health application.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Longitudinal trajectories of weight changes among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: A group-based study.iScience · 2023Article
- Article
- Incomplete Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Is Associated with Lower CD4-CD8 Ratio in Virally Suppressed Patients with HIV Infection in Mexico.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2023Article
- Marker events associated with adherence to HIV/AIDS treatment in a cohort study.Revista de saude publica · 2023Article
- Measuring patient engagement with HIV care in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping study.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Review
- Factors affecting optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral suppression amongst HIV-infected prisoners in South Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study.AIDS research and therapy · 2022Article
- Novel Longitudinal Methods for Assessing Retention in Care: a Synthetic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2021Review
- Development and Validation of an Up-to-Date Highly Sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Quantification of Current Anti-HIV Nucleoside Analogues in Human Plasma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Sex differences in HIV treatment outcomes and adherence by exposure groups among adults in Guangdong, China: A retrospective observational cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2020Article
- Associations between baseline characteristics, CD4 cell count response and virological failure on first-line efavirenz + tenofovir + emtricitabine for HIV.Journal of virus eradication · 2019Article
- Drug resistance and optimizing dolutegravir regimens for adolescents and young adults failing antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Tenofovir concentrations in hair strongly predict virologic suppression in breastfeeding women.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Health-related quality of life assessment among people living with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: a cross-sectional study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2019Article
- Adherence Connection for Counseling, Education, and Support: Research Protocol for a Proof-of-Concept Study.JMIR research protocols · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral previous studies have shown relationships between adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the viral load, the CD4 cell count, or mortality. However, the impact of variability in adherence to ART on the immunovirological response does not seem to have been investigated yet.
methodsMonthly adherence data (November 1999 to April 2009) from 317 HIV-1 infected patients enrolled in the Senegalese ART initiative were analyzed. Latent-class trajectory models were used to build typical trajectories for the average adherence and the standardized variance of adherence. The relationship between the standardized variance of adherence and each of the change in CD4 cell count, the change in viral load, and mortality were investigated using, respectively, a mixed linear regression, a mixed logistic regression, and a Cox model with time-dependent covariates. All the models were adjusted on the average adherence.
resultsThree latent trajectories for the average adherence and three for the standardized variance of adherence were identified. The increase in CD4 cell count and the increase in the percentage of undetectable viral loads were negatively associated with the standardized variance of adherence but positively associated with the average adherence. The risk of death decreased significantly with the increase in the average adherence but increased significantly with the increase of the standardized variance of adherence.
conclusionsThe impacts of the level and the variability of adherence on the immunovirological response and survival justify the inclusion of these aspects into the process of patient education: adherence should be both high and constant.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.