Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25652463›Full record

ArticleJournal of the Royal Society, Interface2015

Cheaper faster drug development validated by the repositioning of drugs against neglected tropical diseases.

Kevin Williams, Elizabeth Bilsland, Andrew Sparkes, Wayne Aubrey, Michael Young, Larisa N Soldatova, Kurt De Grave, Jan Ramon, Michaela de Clare, Worachart Sirawaraporn and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the Royal Society, Interface, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Automating the practice of science: Opportunities, challenges, and implications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
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  20. AutonoMS: Automated Ion Mobility Metabolomic Fingerprinting.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Kevin WilliamsDepartment of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK.
Elizabeth BilslandCambridge Systems Biology Centre and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNICAMP, 13083-865, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Andrew SparkesDepartment of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK.
Wayne AubreyDepartment of Computer Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, UK.
Michael YoungInstitute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DD, UK.
Larisa N SoldatovaDepartment of Computer Science, Brunel University, London UB8 3PH, UK.
Kurt De GraveDepartment of Computer Science, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
Jan RamonDepartment of Computer Science, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
Michaela de ClareCambridge Systems Biology Centre and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
Worachart SirawarapornDepartment of Biochemistry, Mahidol University, Thailand.
Stephen G OliverCambridge Systems Biology Centre and Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Sanger Building, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, UK.
Ross D KingManchester Institute of Biotechnology and School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, UK ross.king@manchester.ac.uk.
Aberystwyth University · GBUniversity of Cambridge · GBKU Leuven · BEBrunel University of London · GBMahidol University · THUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/F008228/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is an urgent need to make drug discovery cheaper and faster. This will enable the development of treatments for diseases currently neglected for economic reasons, such as tropical and orphan diseases, and generally increase the supply of new drugs. Here, we report the Robot Scientist 'Eve' designed to make drug discovery more economical. A Robot Scientist is a laboratory automation system that uses artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to discover scientific knowledge through cycles of experimentation. Eve integrates and automates library-screening, hit-confirmation, and lead generation through cycles of quantitative structure activity relationship learning and testing. Using econometric modelling we demonstrate that the use of AI to select compounds economically outperforms standard drug screening. For further efficiency Eve uses a standardized form of assay to compute Boolean functions of compound properties. These assays can be quickly and cheaply engineered using synthetic biology, enabling more targets to be assayed for a given budget. Eve has repositioned several drugs against specific targets in parasites that cause tropical diseases. One validated discovery is that the anti-cancer compound TNP-470 is a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase from the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium vivax.

Indexed as

Drug DesignDrug RepositioningAlgorithmsAntineoplastic AgentsAutomationDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalHumansMalaria, VivaxModels, StatisticalPlasmodium vivaxQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipRare DiseasesRegression AnalysisReproducibility of ResultsSoftwareTechnology, PharmaceuticalAntineoplastic Agentsartificial intelligencedrug designquantitative structure activity relationship

Identifiers

PMID25652463
PMCPMC4345494
OpenAlexW2112724747

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.