Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25652232›Full record

ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2015

Maternal plasma and breastmilk viral loads are associated with HIV-1-specific cellular immune responses among HIV-1-exposed, uninfected infants in Kenya.

A Y Liu, B Lohman-Payne, M H Chung, J Kiarie, J Kinuthia, J Slyker, B Richardson, D Lehman, C Farquhar, G John-Stewart

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

A Y LiuDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
B Lohman-PayneDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
M H ChungDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
J KiarieDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
J KinuthiaDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
J SlykerDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
B RichardsonDepartment of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
D LehmanDepartments of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
C FarquharDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
G John-StewartDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
University of Washington · USFred Hutch Cancer Center · USUniversity of Nairobi · KE

Funding

University of Washington/Fred Hutch Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI027757 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI EDWIN ROBERTO ORELLANA · 1988 to 2026
$104.9M
INTERNATIONAL TRAINING GRANT IN EPIDEMIOLOGYD43TW000007 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI FARQUHAR, CAREY · 1988 to 2012
$16.3M
Pediatric HIV-1 in Africa: Pathogenesis and ManagementK24HD054314 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI JOHN-STEWART, GRACE C. · 2006 to 2016
$1.2M
CTL responses in HIV-1 infected infantsK01TW006080 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI PAYNE, BARBARA LOUISE · 2002 to 2005
$495k
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW000007FIC NIH HHS K01 TW006080NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027757NICHD NIH HHS K24 HD054314
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infants exposed to maternal HIV-1 provide an opportunity to assess correlates of HIV-1-specific interferon (IFN)-γ responses and may be informative in the development of HIV-1 vaccines. HIV-1-infected women with CD4 counts 200-500 cells/mm(3) were randomized to short-course zidovudine/nevirapine (ZDV/NVP) or highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) between 2003 and 2005. Maternal plasma and breastmilk HIV-1 RNA and DNA were quantified during the first 6-12 months postpartum. HIV-1 gag peptide-stimulated enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assays were conducted in HIV-1-exposed, uninfected infants (EU), and correlates were determined using regression and generalized estimating equations. Among 47 EU infants, 21 (45%) had ≥1 positive ELISPOT result during follow-up. Infants had a median response magnitude of 177 HIV-1-specific spot-forming units (SFU)/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) [interquartile range (IQR)=117-287] directed against 2 (IQR = 1-3) gag peptide pools. The prevalence and magnitude of responses did not differ by maternal anti-retroviral (ARV) randomization arm. Maternal plasma HIV-1 RNA levels during pregnancy (P=0.009) and breastmilk HIV-1 DNA levels at 1 month (P=0.02) were associated with a higher magnitude of infant HIV-1-specific ELISPOT responses at 1 month postpartum. During follow-up, concurrent breastmilk HIV-1 RNA and DNA (cell-free virus and cell-associated virus, respectively) each were associated positively with magnitude of infant HIV-1-specific responses (P=0.01). Our data demonstrate the importance of antigenic exposure on the induction of infant HIV-1-specific cellular immune responses in the absence of infection.

Indexed as

Viral LoadAdultAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveCD4 Lymphocyte CountFemaleHIV-1HIV InfectionsHumansImmunity, CellularInfantInfant, NewbornInterferon-gammaKenyaMilk, HumanPregnancyAnti-HIV AgentsInterferon-gammaHIV-1-EUinterferon gammapaediatric immunity

Identifiers

PMID25652232
PMCPMC4449779
OpenAlexW1891040736

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.