ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Novel mixed-linkage β-glucan activated by c-di-GMP in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diverse Horizontally Transferred Cellulose Biosynthesis Gene Clusters inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- TolC Is Required for a Mixed-Linkage β-Glucan (MLG) Biosynthesis: Engineering Bacteria for MLG Overproduction.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Review
- Structural insights into glycan recognition by plant immune receptors: a comparative perspective with animal innate immune systems.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Oxygen-responsive KoBdcA/KoBdcB/KoBpdA system regulates c-di-GMP levels to control bacterial cellulose biosynthesis and motility inMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- High-resolution visualization of biofilm matrix development in space and time using fluorescent stains for cellulose.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Plant cell walls as a key driver of plant-pathogen coevolution.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Oligosaccharide elicitors in plant immunity: Molecular mechanisms and disease resistance strategies.Plant communications · 2025Review
- Cyclic di-GMP Modulation of Quorum Sensing and Its Impact on Type VI Secretion System Function inMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Cyclic Diguanylate in the Wild: Roles During Plant and Animal Colonization.Annual review of microbiology · 2024Review
- Glucanases and Chitinases inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Generation of Mutant Lines inBiology · 2024Article
- Covalent connectivity of glycogen in brewer's spent yeast cell walls revealed by enzymatic approaches and dynamic nuclear polarization NMR.Carbohydrate polymers · 2024Article
- Quantification of Mixed-Linkage β-Glucan (MLG) in Bacteria.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- The Gram-positive bacterium Romboutsia ilealis harbors a polysaccharide synthase that can produce (1,3;1,4)-β-D-glucans.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- Emerging Roles of β-Glucanases in Plant Development and Adaptative Responses.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- From Cancer Therapy to Winemaking: The Molecular Structure and Applications of β-Glucans and β-1, 3-Glucanases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Identification of a Novel Pyruvyltransferase UsingJournal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An artificial increase of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) levels in Sinorhizobium meliloti 8530, a bacterium that does not carry known cellulose synthesis genes, leads to overproduction of a substance that binds the dyes Congo red and calcofluor. Sugar composition and methylation analyses and NMR studies identified this compound as a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-D-glucan (ML β-glucan), not previously described in bacteria but resembling ML β-glucans found in plants and lichens. This unique polymer is hydrolyzed by the specific endoglucanase lichenase, but, unlike lichenan and barley glucan, it generates a disaccharidic → 4)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → 3)-β-D-Glcp-(1 → repeating unit. A two-gene operon bgsBA required for production of this ML β-glucan is conserved among several genera within the order Rhizobiales, where bgsA encodes a glycosyl transferase with domain resemblance and phylogenetic relationship to curdlan synthases and to bacterial cellulose synthases. ML β-glucan synthesis is subjected to both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation. bgsBA transcription is dependent on the exopolysaccharide/quorum sensing ExpR/SinI regulatory system, and posttranslational regulation seems to involve allosteric activation of the ML β-glucan synthase BgsA by c-di-GMP binding to its C-terminal domain. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a linear mixed-linkage (1 → 3)(1 → 4)-β-glucan produced by a bacterium. The S. meliloti ML β-glucan participates in bacterial aggregation and biofilm formation and is required for efficient attachment to the roots of a host plant, resembling the biological role of cellulose in other bacteria.
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