ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
Early antiretroviral therapy is protective against epilepsy in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection in botswana.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diagnosis and Classification of Pediatric Epilepsy in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Long-term outcomes after new onset seizure in children living with HIV: A cohort study.Epilepsia open · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and outcomes after new-onset seizure among Zambian children with HIV during the antiretroviral therapy era.Epilepsia open · 2022Article
- Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings Associated With Cognitive Impairment in Children and Adolescents With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Zambia.Pediatric neurology · 2020Article
- Current epidemiological and etiological characteristics and treatment of seizures or epilepsy in patients with HIV infection.Acta epileptologica · 2020Review
- Late diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection is linked to higher rates of epilepsy in children in the Eastern Cape of South Africa.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2020Article
- Neuroimaging and pediatric HIV.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2019Article
- Global HIV neurology: a comprehensive review.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Review
- Prevalence, correlates for early neurological disorders and association with functioning among children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS in Uganda.BMC psychiatry · 2019Article
- Neurocognitive development in HIV-positive children is correlated with plasma viral loads in early childhood.Medicine · 2017Observational
- Pediatric Cerebral Palsy in Botswana: Etiology, Outcomes, and Comorbidities.Pediatric neurology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSeizures are common among patients with HIV/AIDS in the developing world and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early treatment with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) may reduce this risk by decreasing rates of central nervous system infections and HIV encephalopathy.
methodsA case-control study of new-onset epilepsy among children aged 0-18 years with perinatally acquired HIV/AIDS followed in Gaborone, Botswana, during the period 2003-2009 was conducted. Children with epilepsy were identified and compared with age- and sex-matched controls without epilepsy with respect to timing of cART initiation. Early treatment was defined as treatment with cART before the age of 12 months, at a CD4% of greater than 25 in children aged 1-5 years, or at an absolute CD4 count of >350 cell per cubic millimeter in children aged 5 years and older.
resultsWe identified 29 cases of new-onset epilepsy and 58 age- and sex-matched controls. The most common identified etiologies for epilepsy were central nervous system infections and direct HIV neurotoxicity. Only 8 (28%) of the children who developed epilepsy received early treatment compared with 31 (53%) controls (odds ratio: 0.36, 95% confidence interval: 0.14 to 0.92, P = 0.03). This effect was primarily driven by differences in rates of epilepsy among children who initiated treatment with cART between the ages of 1 and 5 years (11% vs. 53%, odds ratio: 0.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.01 to 1.1, P = 0.06).
conclusionsEarlier initiation of cART may be protective against epilepsy in children with HIV.
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