ArticleEndocrinology2015
Brain innate immunity regulates hypothalamic arcuate neuronal activity and feeding behavior.
Article in Endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypothalamic regulation of sepsis-associated anorexia: cytokine and hormonal signalling through AgRP/POMC circuits.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Review
- THIK-1 channel mediates microglial glucose sensing and modulates AgRP neurons.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neuroendocrine-immune perturbations in metabolic disease: pathophysiological mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- PLX3397-Induced Microglial Ablation Alters Adipose Tissue Accumulation in a Male-Female-Dependent Manner Under High-Energy-Diet Feeding.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Microglia/macrophage-specific deletion of TLR-4 protects against neural effects of diet-induced obesity in a sexually dimorphic manner.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Distinct Impact of Inflammatory Versus Psychophysiological Stress on Brain-Wide Activation of Melanocortin Receptor 4-Expressing Neurons.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025Article
- Long-term reprogramming of primed microglia after moderate inhibition of CSF1R signaling.Glia · 2025Article
- Hypothalamic neuronal-glial crosstalk in metabolic disease.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Review
- Perinatal Western-style diet exposure associated with decreased microglial counts throughout the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in Japanese macaques.Journal of neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Microglia in physiological conditions and the importance of understanding their homeostatic functions in the arcuate nucleus.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Microglia Sirt6 modulates the transcriptional activity of NRF2 to ameliorate high-fat diet-induced obesity.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
- Reduction of oxytocin-containing neurons and enhanced glymphatic activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- Hypothalamic astrocytes control systemic glucose metabolism and energy balance.Cell metabolism · 2022Article
- Article
- The Role of Obesity and Diabetes in Dementia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- CX3CL1 Action on Microglia Protects from Diet-Induced Obesity by Restoring POMC Neuronal Excitability and Melanocortin System Activity Impaired by High-Fat Diet Feeding.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Metabolic factors in the regulation of hypothalamic innate immune responses in obesity.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2022Review
- The role of hypothalamic endoplasmic reticulum stress in schizophrenia and antipsychotic-induced weight gain: A narrative review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Microbial neuraminidase induces TLR4-dependent long-term immune priming in the brain.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2015
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypothalamic inflammation, involving microglia activation in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), is proposed as a novel underlying mechanism in obesity, insulin and leptin resistance. However, whether activated microglia affects ARC neuronal activity, and consequently basal and hormonal-induced food intake, is unknown. We show that lipopolysaccharide, an agonist of the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), which we found to be expressed in ARC microglia, inhibited the firing activity of the majority of orexigenic agouti gene-related protein/neuropeptide Y neurons, whereas it increased the activity of the majority of anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin neurons. Lipopolysaccharide effects in agouti gene-related protein/neuropeptide Y (but not in proopiomelanocortin) neurons were occluded by inhibiting microglia function or by blocking TLR4 receptors. Finally, we report that inhibition of hypothalamic microglia altered basal food intake, also preventing central orexigenic responses to ghrelin. Our studies support a major role for a TLR4-mediated microglia signaling pathway in the control of ARC neuronal activity and feeding behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.