ArticleEndocrinology2015
Excessive growth hormone expression in male GH transgenic mice adversely alters bone architecture and mechanical strength.
Article in Endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intervertebral disc degeneration is accelerated by GH overexpression but attenuated by GH antagonism.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Cumulative effects of lifelong systemic excess growth hormone on postcranial skeletal morphology in adult mice.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- Osteometabolic complications in patients with secreting pituitary adenomas: Is there an impact of gender?Pituitary · 2026Review
- Regular meals matter: bone growth and beyond.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Skeletal disorders associated with the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor 1 axis.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2022Review
- Musculoskeletal Effects of Altered GH Action.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Update on vertebral fractures in pituitary diseases: from research to clinical practice.Hormones (Athens, Greece) · 2021Review
- Human growth hormone proteoform pattern changes in pituitary adenomas: Potential biomarkers for 3P medical approaches.The EPMA journal · 2021Article
- Effects of GH/IGF axis on bone and cartilage.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2021Review
- Regulation of bone mineral density in the grey squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis: Bioavailability of calcium oxalate, and implications for bark stripping.Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition · 2018Article
- Article
- Ablation of Hepatic Production of the Acid-Labile Subunit in Bovine-GH Transgenic Mice: Effects on Organ and Skeletal Growth.Endocrinology · 2017Article
- Acromegalic osteopathy.Pituitary · 2017Review
- High-resolution-cone beam tomography analysis of bone microarchitecture in patients with acromegaly and radiological vertebral fractures.Endocrine · 2016Article
- Skeletal effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I therapy.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2016Review
- Regulation of skeletal growth and mineral acquisition by the GH/IGF-1 axis: Lessons from mouse models.Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients with acromegaly have a higher prevalence of vertebral fractures despite normal bone mineral density (BMD), suggesting that GH overexpression has adverse effects on skeletal architecture and strength. We used giant bovine GH (bGH) transgenic mice to analyze the effects of high serum GH levels on BMD, architecture, and mechanical strength. Five-month-old hemizygous male bGH mice were compared with age- and sex-matched nontransgenic littermates controls (NT; n=16/group). Bone architecture and BMD were analyzed in tibia and lumbar vertebrae using microcomputed tomography. Femora were tested to failure using three-point bending and bone cellular activity determined by bone histomorphometry. bGH transgenic mice displayed significant increases in body weight and bone lengths. bGH tibia showed decreases in trabecular bone volume fraction, thickness, and number compared with NT ones, whereas trabecular pattern factor and structure model index were significantly increased, indicating deterioration in bone structure. Although cortical tissue perimeter was increased in transgenic mice, cortical thickness was reduced. bGH mice showed similar trabecular BMD but reduced trabecular thickness in lumbar vertebra relative to controls. Cortical BMD and thickness were significantly reduced in bGH lumbar vertebra. Mechanical testing of femora confirmed that bGH femora have decreased intrinsic mechanical properties compared with NT ones. Bone turnover is increased in favor of bone resorption in bGH tibia and vertebra compared with controls, and serum PTH levels is also enhanced in bGH mice. These data collectively suggest that high serum GH levels negatively affect bone architecture and quality at multiple skeletal sites.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.