ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology2015
Mechanisms of gene duplication and amplification.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 156 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
156 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- On the Origin of Biomolecular Networks.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Population size modulates the transition from gene amplification-mediated heteroresistance to stable resistance.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Genomic and evolutionary analysis reveals dynamic variations of MKK3 gene, a key regulator for seed dormancy in barley.The plant genome · 2026Article
- Non-canonical gene amplifications facilitate adaptive evolution in bacteria.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Clustering of inverted triplications in centromeric and subtelomeric chromosomal regions ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity in microbial antibiotic responses: genetic basis and within-host evolution.Trends in genetics : TIG · 2026Review
- Evolutionary causes and consequences of gene duplication.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Dysfunctional DNA Mismatch Repair Drives the Evolution of Gene Amplification in MTX-Resistant Human Colorectal Cancer Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The dynamic distribution of genetic tandem amplifications in a heteroresistant Escherichia coli population revealed by ultra-deep long read sequencing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Comprehensive annotation of the enzymes of Drosophila melanogaster.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Structural and functional insights from detailed computational analysis ofJournal of genetics · 2026Article
- Modulators of gene amplification alter evolution of antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Genome doubling as a dynamic driver of ovarian cancer evolution: insights from single-cell sequencing.Journal of ovarian research · 2025Review
- Hitchhiking genes and boundaries of AmpC amplicons during amoxicillin resistance development in E. coli.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- The nature of mutation: a legacy of bacterial genetics.Genetics · 2025Review
- Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Functional Evolution of NLR Gene Family inCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- PD-L1 regulates c-MET phosphorylation and contributes to MET-dependent resistance to osimertinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Article
96 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Changes in gene copy number are among the most frequent mutational events in all genomes and were among the mutations for which a physical basis was first known. Yet mechanisms of gene duplication remain uncertain because formation rates are difficult to measure and mechanisms may vary with position in a genome. Duplications are compared here to deletions, which seem formally similar but can arise at very different rates by distinct mechanisms. Methods of assessing duplication rates and dependencies are described with several proposed formation mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on duplications formed in extensively studied experimental situations. Duplications studied in microbes are compared with those observed in metazoan cells, specifically those in genomes of cancer cells. Duplications, and especially their derived amplifications, are suggested to form by multistep processes often under positive selection for increased copy number.
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