ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2015
Nut consumption and risk of mortality in the Physicians' Health Study.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of Total Nut, Tree Nut, Peanut, and Peanut Butter Consumption with Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Nut consumption and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Nutrition reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Nut intake and stroke risk: A dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- The effects of 'activating' almonds on consumer acceptance and gastrointestinal tolerance.European journal of nutrition · 2018Trial
- Energy compensation and nutrient displacement following regular consumption of hazelnuts and other energy-dense snack foods in non-obese individuals.European journal of nutrition · 2017Trial
- Nut Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Ischemic Heart Disease Mortality: The Adventist Health Study 2.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Article
- Study of the Association Between Diets Containing Nuts and Seeds and the Degree of Abdominal Aortic Calcification.Nutrients · 2024Observational
- Nut consumption and urogenital and genital, gastrointestinal and women-related cancers: Assessment and review.Chronic diseases and translational medicine · 2023Review
- A Review of Healthy Dietary Choices for Cardiovascular Disease: From Individual Nutrients and Foods to Dietary Patterns.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Comparing Lifestyle Modifications and the Magnitude of Their Associated Benefit on Cancer Mortality.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Dried Fruits, Nuts, and Cancer Risk and Survival: A Review of the Evidence and Future Research Directions.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Nuts and seeds consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and their risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Food & nutrition research · 2023Review
- Nut consumption in association with overall mortality and recurrence/disease-specific mortality among long-term breast cancer survivors.International journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Tree nut consumption and prevalence of carotid artery plaques: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study.European journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Protective Effects of Appropriate Amount of Nuts Intake on Childhood Blood Pressure Level: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Nuts and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Are Nuts Safe for Patients with Fatty Liver Disease?Nutrients · 2020Review
- Review
- Longitudinal Association of Nut Consumption and the Risk of Cardiovascular Events: A Prospective Cohort Study in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.Frontiers in nutrition · 2020Article
- Does Nut Consumption Reduce Mortality and/or Risk of Cardiometabolic Disease? An Updated Review Based on Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have suggested that nut consumption is associated with beneficial cardiovascular outcomes. However, limited data are available on the association between nut intake and all-cause mortality.
objectiveOur aim was to test the hypothesis that nut consumption is inversely associated with the risk of all-cause mortality.
designIn this prospective cohort study in 20,742 male physicians, we assessed nut intake between 1999 and 2002 via a food-frequency questionnaire and ascertained deaths through an endpoint committee. We used Cox regression to estimate multivariable-adjusted HRs for death according to nut consumption. In secondary analyses, we evaluated associations of nut consumption with cause-specific mortality.
resultsDuring a mean follow-up of 9.6 y, there were 2732 deaths. The mean (±SD) age at baseline was 66.6 ± 9.3 y. Median nut consumption was 1 serving/wk. Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 1.0 (reference), 0.92 (0.83, 1.01), 0.85 (0.76, 0.96), 0.86 (0.75, 0.98), and 0.74 (0.63, 0.87) for nut consumption of never or <1 serving/mo, 1-3 servings/mo, 1 serving/wk, 2-4 servings/wk, and ≥5 servings/wk, respectively (P-linear trend < 0.0001), after adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol use, smoking, exercise, prevalent diabetes and hypertension, and intakes of energy, saturated fat, fruit and vegetables, and red meat. In a secondary analysis, results were consistent for cardiovascular disease mortality but only suggestive and non-statistically significant for coronary artery disease and cancer mortality.
conclusionOur data are consistent with an inverse association between nut consumption and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in US male physicians.
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