ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2015
Treatment-dependent and treatment-independent risk factors associated with the risk of diabetes-related events: a retrospective analysis based on 229,042 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- HbA1c below 7% as the goal of glucose control fails to maximize the cardiovascular benefits: a meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Risk of insulin initiation with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors versus dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A real-world claims database study in Japan.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index and Charlson Comorbidity Index in predicting all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2023Article
- Diabetes Mellitus Is a Chronic Disease that Can Benefit from Therapy with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- The Beige Adipocyte as a Therapy for Metabolic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Characteristics of Patients with Diabetes Initiating Sodium Glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitors (SGLT2i): Real-World Results from Three Administrative Databases in Japan.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2019Article
- Real-world insulin therapy in German type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: patient characteristics, treatment patterns, and insulin dosage.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2019Article
- AGE/RAGE-Induced EMP Release via the NOX-Derived ROS Pathway.Journal of diabetes research · 2018Article
- Mortality and causes of death in a national sample of type 2 diabetic patients in Korea from 2002 to 2013.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2016Article
- Continued efforts to translate diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials into clinical practice.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2016Review
- Statin use and cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic patients developing a first myocardial infarction.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2016Article
- Biology of Beige Adipocyte and Possible Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.International journal of endocrinology · 2016Review
- Rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, improves neovascularization in the ischemic hindlimb of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2015Article
- Effectiveness of sulphonylureas in the therapy of diabetes mellitus type 2 patients: an observational cohort study.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to analyse which factors predict the real-world macro-/microvascular event, hospitalisation and death risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate whether there exists both an under- and over-treatment risk of these patients.
methodsWe used a German claims/clinical data set covering the years 2010-12. Diabetes-related events were defined as (1) macro-, (2) microvascular events leading to inpatient hospitalisation, (3) other hospitalisations with type 2 diabetes mellitus as main diagnosis, (4) all-cause death and (5) a composite outcome including all event categories 1-4. Factors associated with event risk were analysed by a Kaplan-Meier curve analysis and by multivariable Cox regression models.
results229,042 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean age 70.2 years; mean CCI 6.03) were included. Among factors that increased the event risk were patients' age, male gender, the adapted Charlson Comorbidity Index, the adapted Diabetes Complication Severity Index, previous events, and number of prescribed chronic medications. For systolic blood pressure/HbA1C, a double-J/U-curve pattern was detected: HbA1C of 6-6.5% (42-48 mmol/mol) and systolic blood pressure of 130-140 mmHg (17.3-18.7kPa) were associated with the lowest event risk, values below/above that range were associated with higher risk. However, this pattern was mainly driven by the death risk and was much less clearly observed for the macrovascular/microvascular/hospitalization risk and for young/less comorbid patients.
conclusionsBoth blood pressure and HbA1C seem to be very important treatment targets, especially in comorbid old patients. It is of particular clinical importance that both over- and under-treatment pose a threat to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.