ArticleAddictive behaviors2015
Maternal-fetal attachment differentiates patterns of prenatal smoking and exposure.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04158089 (Holistic Assessment of Tulsa Children's Health), which is not on this map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Holistic Assessment of Tulsa Children's Health
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prenatal attachment interventions: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Perceived Tobacco Smoking Risk and Predictors of Smoking During Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Predictive Correlational Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2026Article
- Trajectories of maternal bonding over the perinatal period: Associations with demographic, obstetric, psychological, and infant variables.Infant mental health journal · 2026Article
- Talking to Your Patients About Alcohol, Marijuana, and Substance Use During Pregnancy.The primary care companion for CNS disorders · 2025Article
- A Psycho-Socio-Cultural Investigation of Factors Involved in thePsychology in Russia : state of the art · 2025Article
- Effects of 3D ultrasonography and 3D printed images on maternal-fetal attachment and its correlation with overall smoking within pregnancy: a pilot study.3D printing in medicine · 2024Article
- Unique influences of pregnancy and anticipated parenting on cigarette smoking: results and implications of a within-person, between-pregnancy study.Archives of women's mental health · 2024Article
- Psychosocial factors associated with health behaviors in pregnant women of advanced maternal age in Korea.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Within-person decline in pregnancy smoking is observable prior to pregnancy awareness: Evidence across two independent observational cohorts.Addiction biology · 2022Observational
- Are empathic processes mechanisms of pregnancy's protective effect on smoking? Identification of a novel target for preventive intervention.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2022Article
- The Relationship Between Bonding Impairment and Maternal Postpartum Smoking.Maternal and child health journal · 2022Article
- Smoking Patterns and Anxiety Factors Among Women Expressing Perinatal Depression.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Prenatal Reflective Functioning as a Predictor of Substance-Using Mothers' Treatment Outcome: Comparing Results From Two Different RF Measures.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- The association of maternal-fetal attachment with smoking and smoking cessation during pregnancy in The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- A mother's bond: An ecological momentary assessment study of posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and substance craving during pregnancy.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2020Article
- Maternal responsivity and oxytocin in opioid-dependent mothers.Developmental psychobiology · 2020Article
- Parenting stress: A novel mechanism of addiction vulnerability.Neurobiology of stress · 2019Review
- An ecological momentary assessment study examining posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, prenatal bonding, and substance use among pregnant women.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Effect of a mindfulness-based pilot intervention on maternal-fetal bonding.International journal of women's health · 2019Article
- Pregnant Women Sharing Pregnancy-Related Information on Facebook: Web-Based Survey Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSmoking cessation during pregnancy may reflect altruistic motives on behalf of the unborn baby. We test the hypothesis that pregnancy quitters have higher maternal-fetal attachment than persistent smokers, and secondarily explore how maternal-fetal attachment differs among non-smokers, pregnancy quitters, and persistent smokers.
methodsParticipants were 156 women in the Behavior and Mood in Babies and Mothers study who provided report of smoking throughout pregnancy via timeline follow back interviews, with salivary cotinine confirmation of reported cessation at 30 and 35 week gestation, and postpartum day one. Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale total and subscale scores (role-taking, differentiation of self from fetus, interaction with fetus, attributing characteristics to fetus, giving of self) were examined among non-smokers, pregnancy quitters, and persistent smokers.
resultsAt 30 weeks, pregnancy quitters scored higher on the 'giving of self' subscale compared to persistent smokers (21.6±2.4 versus 19.9±2.9; p=.004). Maternal 'giving of self' also differentiated pregnancies exposed to cigarette smoking from those without exposure from 30 weeks through delivery (19.9±2.9 versus 21.2±2.2; p=.002). Controlling for age, income, unemployment, gravida, and father's smoking status, 'giving of self' differentiated pregnancy quitters from persistent smokers [OR=5.144; 95% C.I. 1.509 - 17.538; B (SE)=1.638 (.626); p=.009].
conclusionsWomen who reported a greater desire to maintain their personal health for the health of their fetus were more likely to quit smoking during pregnancy. Implications of findings for interventions and understanding mechanisms of risk are discussed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.