ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2015
African adders: partial characterization of snake venoms from three Bitis species of medical importance and their neutralization by experimental equine antivenoms.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural and functional characterisation of isolated puff adder (Toxicon: X · 2026Article
- Biochemical characterisation and substrate-specific proteolytic diversity of venom metalloproteinases in African puff adders.Toxicon: X · 2026Article
- Preliminary Insights into Geographic Variation in Venom Profiles and Functional Activities of Nigerian Snakes,Toxins · 2026Article
- Clinical features of puff adder envenoming: case series of Bitis arietans snakebites in Kenya and a scoping review of the literature.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Intraspecific venom variation in the medically important puff adder (Bitis arietans): Comparative venom gland transcriptomics, in vitro venom activity and immunological recognition by antivenom.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- The use of rotational thromboelastometry to guide management followingBMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Limitations of Chemically Diverse Small-Molecule Enzyme-Inhibitors against the Synergistic Coagulotoxic Activities ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Indian male fern (Toxicology research · 2020Article
- Insights into individual variations in nematocyst venoms from the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai in the Yellow Sea.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Naja annulifera Snake: New insights into the venom components and pathogenesis of envenomation.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- Kn-Ba: a novel serine protease isolated fromThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2018Article
- Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Local Tissue Damage Induced by Snake Venoms: An Overview from Traditional Use to Pharmacological Evidence.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2017Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAn alarming number of fatal accidents involving snakes are annually reported in Africa and most of the victims suffer from permanent local tissue damage and chronic disabilities. Envenomation by snakes belonging to the genus Bitis, Viperidae family, are common in Sub-Saharan Africa. The accidents are severe and the victims often have a poor prognosis due to the lack of effective specific therapies. In this study we have biochemically characterized venoms from three different species of Bitis, i.e., Bitis arietans, Bitis gabonica rhinoceros and Bitis nasicornis, involved in the majority of the human accidents in Africa, and analyzed the in vitro neutralizing ability of two experimental antivenoms. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsThe data indicate that all venoms presented phospholipase, hyaluronidase and fibrinogenolytic activities and cleaved efficiently the FRET substrate Abz-RPPGFSPFRQ-EDDnp and angiotensin I, generating angiotensin 1-7. Gelatinolytic activity was only observed in the venoms of B. arietans and B. nasicornis. The treatment of the venoms with protease inhibitors indicated that Bitis venoms possess metallo and serinoproteases enzymes, which may be involved in the different biological activities here evaluated. Experimental antivenoms produced against B. arietans venom or Bitis g. rhinoceros plus B. nasicornis venoms cross-reacted with the venoms from the three species and blocked, in different degrees, all the enzymatic activities in which they were tested.
conclusionThese results suggest that the venoms of the three Bitis species, involved in accidents with humans in the Sub-Saharan Africa, contain a mixture of various enzymes that may act in the generation and development of some of the clinical manifestations of the envenomations. We also demonstrated that horse antivenoms produced against B. arietans or B. g. rhinoceros plus B. nasicornis venoms can blocked some of the toxic activities of these venoms.
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