Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25641791›Full record

ReviewContrast media & molecular imaging

A review of optimization and quantification techniques for chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI toward sensitive in vivo imaging.

Jinsuh Kim, Yin Wu, Yingkun Guo, Hairong Zheng, Phillip Zhe Sun

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Contrast media & molecular imaging. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
68citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

68 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Limited Contribution of TMolecular imaging and biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Quantitative in Vivo Molecular MRI.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Quasi-steady-state (QUASS) reconstruction enhances TMagnetic resonance in medicine · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jinsuh Kim *Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Yin Wu *Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Yingkun GuoAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
Hairong ZhengPaul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for MRI, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Phillip Zhe SunAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.

Funding

Establishment of fast pH MRI for imaging metabolic injury during acute strokeR01NS083654 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Phillip Zhe Sun · 2013 to 2026
$4.0M
Quantitate and validate an endogenous ph magnetic resonance imaging techniqueK01EB009771 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI SUN, PHILLIP ZHE · 2009 to 2013
$873k
NIBIB NIH HHS 1K01EB009771NIBIB NIH HHS K01 EB009771NINDS NIH HHS 1R01NS083654NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS083654
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI is a versatile imaging method that probes the chemical exchange between bulk water and exchangeable protons. CEST imaging indirectly detects dilute labile protons via bulk water signal changes following selective saturation of exchangeable protons, which offers substantial sensitivity enhancement and has sparked numerous biomedical applications. Over the past decade, CEST imaging techniques have rapidly evolved owing to contributions from multiple domains, including the development of CEST mathematical models, innovative contrast agent designs, sensitive data acquisition schemes, efficient field inhomogeneity correction algorithms, and quantitative CEST (qCEST) analysis. The CEST system that underlies the apparent CEST-weighted effect, however, is complex. The experimentally measurable CEST effect depends not only on parameters such as CEST agent concentration, pH and temperature, but also on relaxation rate, magnetic field strength and more importantly, experimental parameters including repetition time, RF irradiation amplitude and scheme, and image readout. Thorough understanding of the underlying CEST system using qCEST analysis may augment the diagnostic capability of conventional imaging. In this review, we provide a concise explanation of CEST acquisition methods and processing algorithms, including their advantages and limitations, for optimization and quantification of CEST MRI experiments.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsComputer SimulationContrast MediaImage EnhancementImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedMagnetic FieldsMagnetic Resonance ImagingModels, ChemicalModels, TheoreticalPhantoms, ImagingProton Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyProtonsSignal TransductionWaterContrast MediaProtonsWateramide proton transferchemical exchange saturatio transferMRIquantitative chemical exchange saturatio transfer

Identifiers

PMID25641791
PMCPMC4469549

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.