Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25640973›Full record

ArticleNeuropsychologia2015

Perceptual, cognitive, and personality rigidity in Parkinson's disease.

Mirella Díaz-Santos, Bo Cao, Arash Yazdanbakhsh, Daniel J Norton, Sandy Neargarder, Alice Cronin-Golomb

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychologia, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07748715 (Blue Color Processing in the Eye as a Biomarker of Brain Dopamine), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07748715 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Blue Color Processing in the Eye as a Biomarker of Brain Dopamine

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of South FloridaRan2026 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsParkinson Disease, Healthy Adult ParticipantsArmsLevadopa/Carbidopa eyedrops, Sham, Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Bistable perception in normal aging: perceptual reversibility and its relation to cognition.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2017
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Effect of visual cues on the resolution of perceptual ambiguity in Parkinson's disease and normal aging.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2015
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Mirella Díaz-SantosDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, 2nd floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: mdsantos@bu.edu.
Bo CaoCenter for Computational Neuroscience and Neural Technology, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: ffcloud.tsao@gmail.com.
Arash YazdanbakhshCenter for Computational Neuroscience and Neural Technology, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: yazdan@bu.edu.
Daniel J NortonDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, 2nd floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: djn@bu.edu.
Sandy NeargarderDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, 2nd floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Psychology, Hart Hall, Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, MA 02325, USA. Electronic address: sneargarder@bridgew.edu.
Alice Cronin-GolombDepartment of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, 2nd floor, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Electronic address: alicecg@bu.edu.
Boston University · USBridgewater State University · US

Funding

Effects of Parkinson's Disease on Perception, Cognition, and GaitR01NS067128 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI CRONIN-GOLOMB, ALICE · 2009 to 2013
$3.2M
Perceptual, Cognitive, and Motor Rigidity in Parkinson's DiseaseF31NS074892 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS) · PI DIAZ-SANTOS, MIRELLA · 2011 to 2013
$83k
NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS074892NINDS NIH HHS F31NS074892NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS067128NINDS NIH HHS R01NS067128
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with motor and non-motor rigidity symptoms (e.g., cognitive and personality). The question is raised as to whether rigidity in PD also extends to perception, and if so, whether perceptual, cognitive, and personality rigidities are correlated. Bistable stimuli were presented to 28 non-demented individuals with PD and 26 normal control adults (NC). Necker cube perception and binocular rivalry were examined during passive viewing, and the Necker cube was additionally used for two volitional-control conditions: Hold one percept in front, and Switch between the two percepts. Relative to passive viewing, PD were significantly less able than NC to reduce dominance durations in the Switch condition, indicating perceptual rigidity. Tests of cognitive flexibility and a personality questionnaire were administered to explore the association with perceptual rigidity. Cognitive flexibility was not correlated with perceptual rigidity for either group. Personality (novelty seeking) correlated with dominance durations on Necker passive viewing for PD but not NC. The results indicate the presence in mild-moderate PD of perceptual rigidity and suggest shared neural substrates with novelty seeking, but functional divergence from those supporting cognitive flexibility. The possibility is raised that perceptual rigidity may be a harbinger of cognitive inflexibility later in the disease course.

Indexed as

CognitionPersonalityVisual PerceptionAgedEye Movement MeasurementsFemaleHumansIllusionsMaleMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsParkinson DiseasePersonality TestsAttentionBinocular rivalryBistable perceptionCognitive flexibilityNovelty-seekingPersonalityVolitional control

Identifiers

PMID25640973
PMCPMC4344854
OpenAlexW2007726317

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.