ArticleScientific reports2015
Molecular evolution of the VP1, VP2, and VP3 genes in human rhinovirus species C.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- An outbreak of human Rhinovirus-A21 infection in a psychiatric ward during COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi · 2022Article
- Article
- In Vitro Characterization of Neutralizing Hen Antibodies toInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Genome sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction reveal a potential fourth rhinovirus species and its worldwide distribution.Archives of virology · 2021Article
- First contact: the role of respiratory cilia in host-pathogen interactions in the airways.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2020Review
- Article
- Allosteric Regulation of HIV-1 Capsid Structure for Gag Assembly, Virion Production, and Viral Infectivity by a Disordered Interdomain Linker.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Genotypic Diversity and Epidemiology of Human Rhinovirus Among Children With Severe Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Shanghai, 2013-2015.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Genome Sequences of Rhinovirus Genotype C56 Detected in Three Patients with Acute Respiratory Illness, California, 2016 to 2017.Microbiology resource announcements · 2018Article
- Rule-Out Outbreak: 24-Hour Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing for Characterizing Respiratory Virus Source for Infection Prevention.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2017Article
- Intracerebral Inoculation of Mouse-Passaged Saffold Virus Type 3 Affects Cerebellar Development in Neonatal Mice.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Update on Human Rhinovirus and Coronavirus Infections.Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine · 2016Review
- Unbiased Detection of Respiratory Viruses by Use of RNA Sequencing-Based Metagenomics: a Systematic Comparison to a Commercial PCR Panel.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2016Article
- Comparative Genetic Analyses of Human Rhinovirus C (HRV-C) Complete Genome from Malaysia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
20 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human rhinovirus species C (HRV-C) was recently discovered, and this virus has been associated with various acute respiratory illnesses (ARI). However, the molecular evolution of the major antigens of this virus, including VP1, VP2, and VP3, is unknown. Thus, we performed complete VP1, VP2, and VP3 gene analyses of 139 clinical HRV-C strains using RT-PCR with newly designed primer sets and next-generation sequencing. We assessed the time-scale evolution and evolutionary rate of these genes using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, we calculated the pairwise distance and confirmed the positive/negative selection sites in these genes. The phylogenetic trees showed that the HRV-C strains analyzed using these genes could be dated back approximately 400 to 900 years, and these strains exhibited high evolutionary rates (1.35 to 3.74 × 10(-3) substitutions/site/year). Many genotypes (>40) were confirmed in the phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, no positively selected site was found in the VP1, VP2, and VP3 protein. Molecular modeling analysis combined with variation analysis suggested that the exterior surfaces of the VP1, VP2 and VP3 proteins are rich in loops and are highly variable. These results suggested that HRV-C may have an old history and unique antigenicity as an agent of various ARI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.