ArticleMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2015
The prognostic role of inflammation and hormones in patients with metastatic cancer with cachexia.
Article in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer- and cardiac-induced cachexia: same fate through different inflammatory mediators?Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review examining the relationship between cytokines and cachexia in incurable cancer.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Pooled it
- A systematic review of the overlap of fluid biomarkers in delirium and advanced cancer-related syndromes.BMC psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Li-ginseng powder alleviates cancer cachexia in mice by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and reducing inflammation.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- The orexin system as a pharmacological target in inflammation: peripheral mechanisms and safety implications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cancer cachexia: biomarkers and the influence of age.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- Comprehensive evaluation of serum hepatic proteins in predicting prognosis among cancer patients with cachexia: an observational cohort study.BMC cancer · 2024Observational
- Review
- S100A8, S100A9 and S100A8/A9 heterodimer as novel cachexigenic factors for pancreatic cancer-induced cachexia.BMC cancer · 2023Article
- A novel orthotopic mouse model replicates human lung cancer cachexia.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2023Article
- MicroRNAs: Novel players in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer cachexia (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Review
- Exercise medicine for cancer cachexia: targeted exercise to counteract mechanisms and treatment side effects.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Tumor cell anabolism and host tissue catabolism-energetic inefficiency during cancer cachexia.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Association of systemic inflammation with survival in patients with cancer cachexia: results from a multicentre cohort study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2021Article
- Article
- Sarcopenia versus cancer cachexia: the muscle wasting continuum in healthy and diseased aging.Biogerontology · 2021Review
- Biomarkers for Cancer Cachexia: A Mini Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Exercise as a therapy for cancer-induced muscle wasting.Sports medicine and health science · 2020Review
- Cancer cachexia and skeletal muscle atrophy in clinical studies: what do we really know?Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2020Review
- Mechanism by which TRAF6 Participates in the Immune Regulation of Autoimmune Diseases and Cancer.BioMed research international · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We wanted to investigate the possible etiologic factors of cachexia. Forty-six patients diagnosed with cancer cachexia and 34 healthy controls were included in the study. Serum total testosterone, free testosterone, interleukin 1 (IL) alpha and beta, IL6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, orexin, galanin, neuropeptide Y, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were investigated. There were 36 male and 10 female patients in the cachexia group, and 24 male and 10 female patients in the control group. Median overall survival (OS) of the cachexia group after the diagnosis of cachexia was 8 (1-25) months. There were statistically significant relationships between OS and BMI, serum CRP, TRAF-6, albumin, and LDH levels in the cachexia group. In addition to cachexia, serum CRP, testosterone, and TNF alpha levels were statistically significantly correlated with OS in refractory cachexia. TRAF-6 levels was significantly correlated with type of cancer (P = 0.02). Although cachexia presents with a multifactorial ethio-pathogenesis, few of them affect the OS. Our novel results were that serum CRP, albumin, LDH, and TRAF-6 levels have a higher association with OS in patients with cancer cachexia compared to the many other parameters. An ongoing cachexia also called refractory cachexia is a recent definition. This end-stage term of cancer duration may be predicted by decreasing serum testosterone and increasing serum TNF alpha levels, as well as serum CRP levels.
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