ReviewExpert review of anti-infective therapy2015
Risk factors for West Nile virus infection and disease in populations and individuals.
Review in Expert review of anti-infective therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of genetic variants associated with dengue or West Nile virus disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Patterns of emergence and circulation of West Nile Virus in Algeria.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Viral etiology of adult encephalitis in Egypt: the role of West Nile Virus.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Corticosteroid Therapy on Patients With West Nile Virus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and West Nile encephalitis in a patient with chronic kidney disease.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence of West Nile Virus in Blood Donors in Mainland Portugal.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and surveillance of West Nile virus in the Mediterranean Basin during 2010-2023: A systematic review.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Mono-WNV and combined WNV/TBEV inactivated vaccine efficacy against a wide range of WNV and TBEV strains.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- An Update on the Entomology, Virology, Pathogenesis, and Epidemiology Status of West Nile and Dengue Viruses in Europe (2018-2023).Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- An Assessment of West Nile and Usutu Viruses' Seroprevalence in Hospitalized Patients: A Preliminary Study on Flavivirus Exposure in Eastern Romania.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Early cellular and molecular signatures correlate with severity of West Nile virus infection.iScience · 2023Article
- Comparison of West Nile Virus Disease in Humans and Horses: Exploiting Similarities for Enhancing Syndromic Surveillance.Viruses · 2023Review
- Assessing the risk of West Nile Virus seasonal outbreaks and its vector control in an urbanizing bird community: An integrative R0-modelling study in the city of Merida, Mexico.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Temporal and Spatial Synchronicity in West Nile Virus Cases Along the Central Flyway, USA.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- Article
- Severely ill and high-risk COVID-19 patients exhibit increased peripheral circulation of CD62L+ and perforin+ T cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Primary, secondary or less frequent causes of immune thrombocytopenia: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- In-Depth Analysis of Genetic Variation Associated with Severe West Nile Viral Disease.Vaccines · 2020Article
- The continued threat of emerging flaviviruses.Nature microbiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne enveloped positive-strand RNA virus that emerged in North America in 1999 in New York City. Over the past 15 years, WNV has become established throughout the USA and has spread into Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean. CDC reports indicate >41,000 clinical cases, including more than 1700 fatalities. An estimated 3 million people in the USA may have been infected to date. Infection with WNV is dependent on many factors including climate, mosquito habitats and immunologically naïve bird populations. In addition, variations within individuals contribute to the risk of severe disease, in particular, advanced age, hypertension, immunosuppression and critical elements of the immune response. Recent advances in technology now allow detailed analysis of complex immune interactions relevant to disease susceptibility.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.