ArticleAnnals of the rheumatic diseases2016
The role of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flare and cumulative burden of RA severity in the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Article in Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
99 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 191 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid management in rheumatoid arthritis: a position paper of the Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy of the European Society of Cardiology.European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2020Guideline
- Awareness and perceived risk of cardiovascular disease among individuals living with rheumatoid arthritis is low: results of a systematic literature review.Arthritis research & therapy · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Safety profile of upadacitinib in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease: integrated post hoc analysis of the SELECT phase III rheumatoid arthritis clinical programme.Annals of the rheumatic diseases · 2023Trial
- Impact of initial therapy with upadacitinib or adalimumab on achievement of 48-week treatment goals in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: post hoc analysis of SELECT-COMPARE.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Optimizing treatment with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis-a proof of principle and exploratory trial: is dose tapering practical in good responders?Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2017Trial
- Article
- Article
- Subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis is driven by MicroRNA polymorphisms and NETosis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Patterns and risk of cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis: a nationwide cohort study in the UK.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Observational
- Metabolic Consequences of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis care & research · 2025Review
- Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Effect of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists on Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Role of rheumatoid arthritis flare in the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: a population-based cohort study.Scandinavian journal of rheumatology · 2025Article
- Article
- Cardiovascular Risk Factor and Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA).Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Trends in stroke occurrence in rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective cohort study from Western Norway, 1972 through 2020.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease on the risk of dementia in rheumatoid arthritis: A mediation analysis.Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism · 2024Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine the role of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flare, remission and RA severity burden in cardiovascular disease (CVD).
methodsIn a population-based cohort of patients with RA without CVD (age ≥30 years; 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria met in 1988-2007), we performed medical record review at each clinical visit to estimate flare/remission status. The previously validated RA medical Records-Based Index of Severity (RARBIS) and Claims-Based Index of RA Severity (CIRAS) were applied. Age- and sex-matched non-RA subjects without CVD comprised the comparison cohort. Cox models were used to assess the association of RA activity/severity with CVD, adjusting for age, sex, calendar year of RA, CVD risk factors and antirheumatic medications.
resultsStudy included 525 patients with RA and 524 non-RA subjects. There was a significant increase in CVD risk in RA per time spent in each acute flare versus remission (HR 1.07 per 6-week flare, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.15). The CVD risk for patients with RA in remission was similar to the non-RA subjects (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.51 to 1.59). Increased cumulative moving average of daily RARBIS (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.30) and CIRAS (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.70) was associated with CVD. CVD risk was higher in patients with RA who spent more time in medium (HR 1.08, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.20) and high CIRAS tertiles (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.31) versus lower tertile.
conclusionsOur findings show substantial detrimental role of exposure to RA flare and cumulative burden of RA disease severity in CVD risk in RA, suggesting important cardiovascular benefits associated with tight inflammation control and improved flare management in patients with RA.
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