ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2015
Development of a protocol for predicting bacterial resistance to microbicides.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quaternary Ammonium Biocide Resistance in Non-TyphoidalVeterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Investigations of microbial adaptation to singular, binary, and fully formulated quaternary ammonium compounds.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- A Label-Free Optical Flow Cytometry Based-Method for Rapid Assay of Disinfectants' Bactericidal Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Sustainable application of biocides to promote hygiene and minimize antimicrobial resistance.Sustainable microbiology · 2024Review
- Current Understanding of Potential Linkages between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Cross-Resistance.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Quaternary ammonium disinfectants and antiseptics: tolerance, resistance and potential impact on antibiotic resistance.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Review
- In Vitro Investigation of the Antibacterial Activity of Nine Commercial Water Disinfectants, Acidifiers, and Glyceride Blends against the Most Important Poultry Zoonotic Bacteria.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Towards a Harmonized Terminology: A Glossary for Biocide Susceptibility Testing.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Impact of benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride and chloroxylenol on bacterial antimicrobial resistance.Journal of applied microbiology · 2022Review
- Priming with biocides: A pathway to antibiotic resistance?Journal of applied microbiology · 2022Article
- The Epidemiology of Invasive, Multipleantibiotic-resistantComparative medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of Hospital Antiseptics on Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Assessing the risk of resistance to cationic biocides incorporating realism-based and biophysical approaches.Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology · 2022Review
- Genetic but No Phenotypic Associations between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Resistance inMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Ethylzingerone, a Novel Compound with Antifungal Activity.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Development of Antimicrobial Phototreatment Tolerance: Why the Methodology Matters.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Effect of Exposure to Chlorhexidine Residues at "During Use" Concentrations on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile, Efflux, Conjugative Plasmid Transfer, and Metabolism of Escherichia coli.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Article
- Mapping the Efficacy and Mode of Action of Ethylzingerone [4-(3-Ethoxy-4-Hydroxyphenyl) Butan-2-One] as an Active Agent againstApplied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Repeated disinfectant use in broiler houses and pig nursery units does not affect disinfectant and antibiotic susceptibility in Escherichia coli field isolates.BMC veterinary research · 2020Article
- Hydroxyethoxy phenyl butanone, a new cosmetic preservative, does not cause bacterial cross-resistance to antimicrobials.Journal of medical microbiology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Regulations dealing with microbicides in Europe and the United States are evolving and now require data on the risk of the development of resistance in organisms targeted by microbicidal products. There is no standard protocol to assess the risk of the development of resistance to microbicidal formulations. This study aimed to validate the use of changes in microbicide and antibiotic susceptibility as initial markers for predicting microbicide resistance and cross-resistance to antibiotics. Three industrial isolates (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, and Klebsiella pneumoniae) and two Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains (SL1344 and 14028S) were exposed to a shampoo, a mouthwash, eye makeup remover, and the microbicides contained within these formulations (chlorhexidine digluconate [CHG] and benzalkonium chloride [BZC]) under realistic, in-use conditions. Baseline and postexposure data were compared. No significant increases in the MIC or the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were observed for any strain after exposure to the three formulations. Increases as high as 100-fold in the MICs and MBCs of CHG and BZC for SL1344 and 14028S were observed but were unstable. Changes in antibiotic susceptibility were not clinically significant. The use of MICs and MBCs combined with antibiotic susceptibility profiling and stability testing generated reproducible data that allowed for an initial prediction of the development of resistance to microbicides. These approaches measure characteristics that are directly relevant to the concern over resistance and cross-resistance development following the use of microbicides. These are low-cost, high-throughput techniques, allowing manufacturers to provide to regulatory bodies, promptly and efficiently, data supporting an early assessment of the risk of resistance development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.