ArticlePloS one2015
HIV drug resistance mutations in proviral DNA from a community treatment program.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Mozambique: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Guideline
- Patterns of pretreatment drug resistance mutations of very early diagnosed and treated infants in Botswana.AIDS (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Reversion of Val(Ganciclovir)-Resistance-Associated Mutations in Two SOT Patients with Mismatched Serostatus for CMV (D+/R-).Viruses · 2025Article
- Nucleic acid amplification testing using dried blood spots to confirm the diagnosis of HIV-1 in adults.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2024Article
- Characterisation of HIV-1 reservoirs in paediatric populations: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Archived rilpivirine-associated resistance mutations among ART-naive and virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1 subtype C in Botswana: implications for cabotegravir/rilpivirine use.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Consistency of drug-resistant mutations in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced HIV-1 infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Role of Proviral HIV-1 DNA Genotyping for People Living with HIV (PLWH) Who Had Low-Level Viremia While Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- Genotypic Resistance Testing of HIV-1 DNA in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among individuals with low-level viraemia while taking combination ART in Botswana.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Genomic signatures of protease and reverse transcriptase genes from HIV-1 subtype C isolated from first-line ART patients in India.Bioinformation · 2022Article
- Clinical Outcomes Following the Use of Archived Proviral HIV-1 DNA Genotype to Guide Antiretroviral Therapy Adjustment.Open forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Low rates of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drug resistance in Botswana.AIDS (London, England) · 2019Article
- Persistence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Proviral Deoxyribonucleic Acid After Virologic Failure of Efavirenz-Containing Antiretroviral Regimens.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Sanger and Next Generation Sequencing Approaches to Evaluate HIV-1 Virus in Blood Compartments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- High discordance in blood and genital tract HIV-1 drug resistance in Indian women failing first-line therapy.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2018Article
- Article
- Alternative Sample Types for HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Testing.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDrug resistance mutations archived in resting memory CD4+ cells may persist despite suppression of HIV RNA to <50 copies/ml. We sequenced pol gene from proviral DNA among viremic and suppressed patients to identify drug resistance mutations.
methodsThe Peninsula AIDS Research Cohort study enrolled and followed over 2 years 120 HIV infected patients from San Mateo and San Francisco Counties. HIV-1 pol genotyping by bulk sequencing was performed on 38 DNA and RNA from viremic patients and DNA only among 82 suppressed patients at baseline. Antiretroviral susceptibility was predicted by HIVDB.stanford.edu.
resultsAmong 120 subjects, 81% were on antiretroviral therapy and had been treated for a median time of 7 years. Thirty-two viremic patients showed concordant RNA and DNA genotypes (84%); the discordant profiles were mainly observed in patients with low-level viremia. Among suppressed patients, 21 had drug resistance mutations in proviral DNA (26%) with potential resistance to one, two or three ARV classes in 16, 4 and 1 samples respectively.
conclusionsThe high level of genotype concordance between DNA and RNA in viremic patients suggested that DNA genotyping might be used to assess drug resistance in resource-limited settings, and further investigation of extracted DNA from dried blood spots is needed. Drug resistance mutations in proviral DNA in 26% of subjects with less than 50 copies/ml pose a risk for the transmission of drug resistant virus with virologic failure, treatment interruption or decreased adherence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.