ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2015
Cosmetic preservatives as therapeutic corneal and scleral tissue cross-linking agents.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- What We Can Do in Infectious Keratitis, Except for Conventional Antimicrobial-Based Therapies: Major Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Scleral growth stunting via sub-Tenon injection of cross-linking solutions in live rabbits.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Recent advances in medicinal compounds related to corneal crosslinking.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Changes in Rat Scleral Collagen Structure Induced by UVA-Riboflavin Crosslinking at Various Tissue Depths in Whole Globe Versus Scleral Patch.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Biomechanics of Ophthalmic Crosslinking.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Review
- Shaping Eyeballs by Scleral Collagen Cross-Linking: A Hypothesis for Myopia Treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Article
- Topical Corneal Cross-Linking Solution Delivered Via Corneal Reservoir in Dutch-Belted Rabbits.Translational vision science & technology · 2020Article
- Development of a topical tissue cross-linking solution using sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SMG): viscosity effect.Bioscience reports · 2020Article
- Ex vivo anti-microbial efficacy of various formaldehyde releasers against antibiotic resistant and antibiotic sensitive microorganisms involved in infectious keratitis.BMC ophthalmology · 2020Article
- Topical therapeutic corneal and scleral tissue cross-linking solutions:Bioscience reports · 2019Article
- Ultrasonic Microelastography to Assess Biomechanical Properties of the Cornea.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2019Article
- Article
- Second Harmonic Generation Signals in Rabbit Sclera As a Tool for Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Cross-linking (TXL) for Myopia.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2018Article
- Antimicrobial Studies Using the Therapeutic Tissue Cross-Linking Agent, Sodium Hydroxymethylglycinate: Implication for Treating Infectious Keratitis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2018Article
- Evaluation of Therapeutic Tissue Crosslinking (TXL) for Myopia Using Second Harmonic Generation Signal Microscopy in Rabbit Sclera.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
- Article
- An Evaluation of Lysyl Oxidase-Derived Cross-Linking in Keratoconus by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2016Article
- Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of keratoconus.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2015
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposePreviously, aliphatic β-nitroalcohols (BNAs) have been studied as a means to chemically induce tissue cross-linking (TXL) of cornea and sclera. There are a number of related and possibly more potent agents, known as formaldehyde releasers (FARs), that are in commercial use as preservatives in cosmetics and other personal care products. The present study was undertaken in order to screen such compounds for potential clinical utility as therapeutic TXL agents.
methodsA chemical registry of 62 FARs was created from a literature review and included characteristics relevant to TXL such as molecular weight, carcinogenicity/mutagenicity, toxicity, hydrophobicity, and commercial availability. From this registry, five compounds [diazolidinyl urea (DAU), imidazolidinyl urea (IMU), sodium hydroxymethylglycinate (SMG), DMDM hydantoin (DMDM), 5-Ethyl-3,7-dioxa-1-azabicyclo [3.3.0] octane (OCT)] were selected for efficacy screening using two independent systems, an ex vivo rabbit corneal cross-linking simulation setup and incubation of cut scleral tissue pieces. Treatments were conducted at pH 7.4 or 8.5 for 30 minutes. Efficacy was evaluated using thermal denaturation temperature (Tm), and cell toxicity was studied using the trypan blue exclusion method.
resultsCross-linking effects in the five selected FARs were pH and concentration dependent. Overall, the Tm shifts were in agreement with both cornea and sclera. By comparison with BNAs previously reported upon, the FARs identified in this study were significantly more potent but with similar or better cytotoxicity.
conclusionsThe FARs, a class of compounds well known to the cosmetic industry, may have utility as therapeutic TXL agents. The compounds studied thus far show promise and will be further tested.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.