ArticleThe Science of the total environment2015
Distribution and determinants of urinary biomarkers of exposure to organophosphate insecticides in Puerto Rican pregnant women.
Article in The Science of the total environment, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between food frequency checklist responses and internal biomarkers of exposure to pesticides and heavy metals among U.S. pregnant women.Next research · 2025Article
- Determinants of urinary dialkyl phosphate metabolites in midlife women: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multi-Pollutant Study (SWAN-MPS).Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Fetal Organophosphate Pesticide Exposure and Child Adiposity Measures at 10 Years of Age in the General Dutch Population.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Effects of Pesticide Intake on Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Healthy Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Pilot study of exposure of the male population to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides in a region of high agricultural activity (Córdoba, Argentina).Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Prenatal organophosphate exposure can cause adverse birth outcomes to humans.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Article
- Organophosphate pesticide exposure: Demographic and dietary predictors in an urban pregnancy cohort.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2021Article
- Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Pesticides among Pregnant Women Participating in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Prenatal maternal organophosphorus pesticide exposures, paraoxonase 1, and childhood adiposity in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study.Environment international · 2020Article
- Within-individual and interlaboratory variability analyses of urinary metabolites measurements of organophosphorus insecticides.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2020Article
- Organophosphate pesticides exposure in pregnant women and maternal and cord blood thyroid hormone concentrations.Environment international · 2019Article
- Diet as a Source of Exposure to Environmental Contaminants for Pregnant Women and Children from Six European Countries.Environmental health perspectives · 2019Article
- Socioeconomic position and exposure to multiple environmental chemical contaminants in six European mother-child cohorts.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2019Article
- Intra-individual variations of organophosphate pesticide metabolite concentrations in repeatedly collected urine samples from pregnant women in Japan.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2019Article
- Determinants of organophosphate pesticide exposure in pregnant women: A population-based cohort study in the Netherlands.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2018Article
- Adult and child urinary 2,4-D in cities with and without cosmetic pesticide bylaws: a population-based cross-sectional pilot study.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2017Article
- Distributions and determinants of urinary biomarkers of organophosphate pesticide exposure in a prospective Spanish birth cohort study.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2017Article
- Association between thyroid function and urinary levels of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol: data from NHANES 2007-2008.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2017Article
- Cross-sectional biomonitoring study of pesticide exposures in Queensland, Australia, using pooled urine samples.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2016Article
- Contemporary Issues in Exposure Assessment Using Biomonitoring.Current epidemiology reports · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Globally, human exposures to organophosphate (OP) insecticides may pose a significant burden to the health of mothers and their developing fetuses. Unfortunately, relevant data is limited in certain areas of the world concerning sources of exposure to OP insecticides in pregnant populations. To begin to address this gap in information for Puerto Rico, we studied repeated measures of urinary concentrations of 10 OP insecticide metabolites among 54 pregnant women from the northern karst region of the island. We also collected demographic data and self-reported information on the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and legumes in the past 48 h before urine collection and home pest-related issues. We calculated the distributions of the urinary biomarkers and compared them to women of reproductive age from the general U.S. population. We also used statistical models accounting for correlated data to assess within-subject temporal variability of the urinary biomarkers and to identify predictors of exposure. We found that for all but two metabolites (para-nitrophenol [PNP], diethylthiophosphate [DETP]), 50th or 95th percentile urinary concentrations (the metric that was used for comparison was based on the biomarker's detection frequency) of the other eight metabolites (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol [TCPY], 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxy-pyrimidine, malathion dicarboxylic acid, diethylphosphate, diethyldithiophosphate, dimethylphosphate, dimethylthiophosphate [DMTP], dimethyldithiophosphate) were somewhat lower in our cohort compared with similarly aged women from the continental United States. TCPY, PNP, DETP, and DMTP, which were the only urinary metabolites detected in greater than 50% of the samples, had poor reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient range: 0.19-0.28) during pregnancy. Positive predictors of OP insecticide exposure included: age; marital or employment status; consumption of cherries, grape juice, peanuts, peanut butter, or raisins; and residential application of pesticides. Further research is needed to understand what aspects of the predictors identified influence OP insecticide exposure during pregnancy.
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