ArticleScientific reports2015
Comparative risk assessment of alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other illicit drugs using the margin of exposure approach.
Article in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cannabinoids and orthopedic surgery: a systematic review of therapeutic studies.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2021Pooled it
- Regulatory Policies for Alcohol, other Psychoactive Substances and Addictive Behaviours: The Role of Level of Use and Potency. A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Risk Assessment Models for Heated Tobacco Products.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2026Article
- Drug harms in Canada: A multi-criteria decision analysis.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Perceptions of cannabis warnings and recommendations for improvement: a qualitative study with people who use cannabis from the United States.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Cannabis Policies, Cannabis, and Opioids in Suicide and Undetermined Intent Death.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Cannabis use and cannabis use disorders and their treatment in the Europe.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Review
- Regulatory Landscape of Cannabis Warning Labels in US States with Legal Retail Nonmedical Cannabis, 2024.American journal of public health · 2024Article
- Characteristics of blunt and penetrating trauma among victims of physical violence: A retrospective study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Perinatal Tetrahydrocannabinol Compromises Maternal Care and Increases Litter Attrition in the Long-Evans Rat.Toxics · 2024Article
- Why are the police against drug policy liberalisation?Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2023Article
- Monitoring arsenic species concentration in rice-based processed products distributed in South Korean markets and related risk assessment.Food science and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Risk Assessment of Trigonelline in Coffee and Coffee By-Products.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Differential prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) by gender and substance used in individuals with cannabis, cocaine, opioid, and tobacco use disorders.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Stability and Change in Men's Intimate Partner Violence and Substance Use in Early Adulthood.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2023Article
- Associations between the use of psychedelics and other recreational drugs with mental health and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Absence of Relevant Thermal Conversion of Cannabidiol to Tetrahydrocannabinol in E-Cigarette Vapor and Low-Tetrahydrocannabinol Cannabis Smoke.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2022Article
- Article
- Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Dietary Exposure to Cadmium in Residents of Guangzhou, China-Young Children Potentially at a Health Risk.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A comparative risk assessment of drugs including alcohol and tobacco using the margin of exposure (MOE) approach was conducted. The MOE is defined as ratio between toxicological threshold (benchmark dose) and estimated human intake. Median lethal dose values from animal experiments were used to derive the benchmark dose. The human intake was calculated for individual scenarios and population-based scenarios. The MOE was calculated using probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations. The benchmark dose values ranged from 2 mg/kg bodyweight for heroin to 531 mg/kg bodyweight for alcohol (ethanol). For individual exposure the four substances alcohol, nicotine, cocaine and heroin fall into the "high risk" category with MOE < 10, the rest of the compounds except THC fall into the "risk" category with MOE < 100. On a population scale, only alcohol would fall into the "high risk" category, and cigarette smoking would fall into the "risk" category, while all other agents (opiates, cocaine, amphetamine-type stimulants, ecstasy, and benzodiazepines) had MOEs > 100, and cannabis had a MOE > 10,000. The toxicological MOE approach validates epidemiological and social science-based drug ranking approaches especially in regard to the positions of alcohol and tobacco (high risk) and cannabis (low risk).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.