ArticleExperimental brain research2015
Topography and collateralization of dopaminergic projections to primary motor cortex in rats.
Article in Experimental brain research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is associated with improved functional recovery and time-dependent changes in apoptosis-related execution-phase markers after spinal cord injury.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The role of dopamine-sensitive motor cortical circuits in the development and execution of skilled forelimb movements.iScience · 2026Article
- Dopaminergic Degeneration Differentially Modulates Primary Motor Cortex Activity and Motor Behavior in Hemiparkinsonian Rats.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- A Novel Method for the Locomotion Control of a Rat Robot via the Electrical Stimulation of the Ventral Tegmental Area and Nigrostriatal Pathway.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Motor cortex stimulation ameliorates parkinsonian locomotor deficits: effectual and mechanistic differences from subthalamic modulation.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- VTA projections to M1 are essential for reorganization of layer 2-3 network dynamics underlying motor learning.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The Mesocortical System Encodes the Strength of Subsequent Force Generation.Neuroscience insights · 2024Article
- Premovement activity in the mesocortical system links peak force but not initiation of force generation under incentive motivation.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023Article
- Reduced thalamic excitation to motor cortical pyramidal tract neurons in parkinsonism.Science advances · 2023Article
- Adaptive control of synaptic plasticity integrates micro- and macroscopic network function.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Endogenous dopamine transmission is crucial for motor skill recovery after stroke.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2022Article
- A multisynaptic pathway from the ventral midbrain toward spinal motoneurons in monkeys.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
- Dopamine Modulation of Motor and Sensory Cortical Plasticity among Vertebrates.Integrative and comparative biology · 2021Review
- Cell Type-Specific Decrease of the Intrinsic Excitability of Motor Cortical Pyramidal Neurons in Parkinsonism.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Ventral tegmental area connections to motor and sensory cortical fields in humans.Brain structure & function · 2019Article
- Enhanced CRFR1-Dependent Regulation of a Ventral Tegmental Area to Prelimbic Cortex Projection Establishes Susceptibility to Stress-Induced Cocaine Seeking.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Motor skill learning and reward consumption differentially affect VTA activation.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Cortical neurons multiplex reward-related signals along with sensory and motor information.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Large-scale analysis reveals populational contributions of cortical spike rate and synchrony to behavioural functions.The Journal of physiology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dopaminergic signaling within the primary motor cortex (M1) is necessary for successful motor skill learning. Dopaminergic neurons projecting to M1 are located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA, nucleus A10) of the midbrain. It is unknown which behavioral correlates are encoded by these neurons. The objective here is to investigate whether VTA-M1 fibers are collaterals of projections to prefrontal cortex (PFC) or nucleus accumbens (NAc) or if they form a distinct pathway. In rats, multiple-site retrograde fluorescent tracers were injected into M1, PFC and the core region of the NAc and VTA sections investigated for concomitant labeling of different tracers. Dopaminergic neurons projecting to M1, PFC and NAc were found in nucleus A10 and to a lesser degree in the medial nucleus A9. Neurons show high target specificity, minimal collateral branching to other than their target area and hardly cross the midline. Whereas PFC- and NAc-projecting neurons are indistinguishably intermingled within the ventral portion of dopaminergic nuclei in middle and caudal midbrain, M1-projecting neurons are only located within the dorsal part of the rostral midbrain. Within M1, the forelimb representation receives sevenfold more dopaminergic projections than the hindlimb representation. This strong rostro-caudal gradient as well as the topographical preference to dorsal structures suggest that projections to M1 emerged late in the development of the dopaminergic systems in and form a functionally distinct system.
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