Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25632839›Full record

ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2016

Paid expenditures and productivity costs associated with permanent disability pensions in patients with spinal disorders: Nationwide Finnish Register-based Study, 1990-2010.

Tom Asklöf, Janne Martikainen, Hannu Kautiainen, Maija Haanpää, Ilkka Kiviranta, Timo Pohjolainen

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Tom AsklöfDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Topeliuksenkatu 5, P.O. Box 266, 00029, Helsinki, Finland. tom.asklof@hus.fi.
Janne MartikainenPharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Unit (PHORU), University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
Hannu KautiainenUnit of Primary Health Care, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Maija HaanpääDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Ilkka KivirantaDepartment of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Töölö Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Topeliuksenkatu 5, P.O. Box 266, 00029, Helsinki, Finland.
Timo PohjolainenORTON, Helsinki, Finland.
University of Helsinki · FIHelsinki University Hospital · FIInvalidisäätiö · FITöölö Hospital · FIUniversity of Eastern Finland · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe objective of this study is to present the paid expenditures and productivity costs of disability pensions (DP) due to spinal disorders (SD) in Finland during 1990-2010.

methodsThis study is a register-based national study. All new cases aged 20-64 that were granted a DP due to SD were identified from the nationwide register maintained by the Finnish Centre of Pensions. The data included sex, age group, year of the DP decision, main cause of incapacity (diagnosis) leading to permanent DP and yearly paid expenditures for DPs. Annual productivity costs were estimated based on labour force participation rate and the employment rate adjusted gross domestic product.

resultsA total of 39,107 individuals (18,072 females, 21,035 males) received DPs during the study period. SDs generated 9,372 million euros extra cost during this period due to DP (females 3.5 billion, males 5.9 billion). The total DP expenditures paid increased during the first half of 1990s but decreased during the second half of 1990s (-44.8 %). For degenerative SD cases, the DP expenditure was 5.1 billion €, disc disease 3.5 billion € and for other SDs 0.7 billion €. Males, compared to females, were expected to have a rate 1.22 times greater costs due to DPs. The estimated total annual productivity costs due to SDs have been over six times higher than expenditures paid for DPs per year. The costs of DPs are different compared to occurrence rates due to salary and early retirement age differences between genders.

conclusionDespite a significant decrease in DP-associated expenditures due to SDs after 1993, the annual expenditures have stayed on a high level in Finland.

Indexed as

Cost of IllnessAdultEfficiency, OrganizationalEmploymentFemaleFinlandHealth ExpendituresHumansMaleMiddle AgedPensionsRegistriesSick LeaveSpinal DiseasesYoung AdultDisability pensionHealth care expendituresProductivity costsRegister-based studySpinal disorders

Identifiers

PMID25632839
OpenAlexW2058102307

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.