ArticleNeurology2015
Smoking and white matter hyperintensity progression: the ARIC-MRI Study.
Article in Neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06836141 (Silent Brain Infarcts in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage as a Prognostic Biomarker for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Silent Brain Infarcts in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage as a Prognostic Biomarker for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID)
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global ethnic disparities in cerebral small vessel disease imaging markers and vascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Linking cortical atrophy to white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2021Trial
- Cardiometabolic Health and Longitudinal Progression of White Matter Hyperintensity: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.Stroke · 2019Trial
- Increased VWF-to-ADAMTS13 ratio is associated with large cerebral white matter hyperintensities.Blood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026Article
- Antiplatelet Therapy for Stroke Prevention in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease-Naïve People with Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based prediction of 3-6-month post-stroke cognitive impairment using acute-phase clinical data: a two-center retrospective prognostic modeling study.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with structural brain networks in ageing: insights from The Maastricht Study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A case of CD36 deficiency with multiple white matter lesions.BMC neurology · 2026Article
- White matter hyperintensities, retinal vascular calibre and changes in age-related hearing loss.Brain communications · 2026Article
- Predicting White Matter Hyperintensity: Leveraging Portable MRI for Accessible Brain Health Screening.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Multimodal Associations of Modifiable Risk Factors on White Matter Injury: The SOL-INCA-MRI Study (HCHS/SOL).Stroke · 2025Article
- Brain-wide pleiotropy investigation of alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking behaviors.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Smoking predicts brain atrophy in 10,134 healthy individuals and is potentially influenced by body mass index.NPJ dementia · 2025Article
- Association between periodontal disease and microstructural brain alterations in the Hamburg City Health Study.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2024Article
- Association between Life's Essential 8 and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2024Article
- Neuroimaging and biofluid biomarkers across race and ethnicity in older adults across the spectrum of cognition.Ageing research reviews · 2024Review
- Brain Care Score and Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Health in Asymptomatic Middle-Age Persons.Neurology · 2024Article
- The relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and white matter hyperintensity in ischemic stroke patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study using high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging.Quantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Leukoaraiosis: Epidemiology, Imaging, Risk Factors, and Management of Age-Related Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensities.Journal of stroke · 2024Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveOur objective was to examine the link between smoking and smoking history, including smoking intensity and cessation, overall and by race, in a biracial prospective cohort study.
methodsA subset of Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants (n = 972, 49% black) completed brain MRI scans twice (1993-1995 and 2004-2006). We defined white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression as an increase of ≥2 points on the 9-point Cardiovascular Health Study scale across scans. Participants reported information on smoking behavior at the baseline MRI and at 2 prior study visits, approximately 3 and 6 years before baseline. We used adjusted logistic regression to evaluate the association between smoking variables and WMH progression in the total sample and separately by race (black and white).
resultsWe found WMH progression in 23% of participants (30% of black participants, 17% of white participants). Overall, being a current smoker 6 years before baseline was associated with WMH progression. In race-stratified analyses, we found adverse associations with smoking status at multiple time points and persistent smoking in white but not in black participants. However, we found no statistical support for effect modification by race for most of these analyses. Increasing pack-years of smoking was associated with greater risk of WMH progression, while time since quitting and age at smoking initiation were not associated with WMH progression, with little indication of differences in these associations by race.
conclusionsOur findings concur with previous studies suggesting a relationship between smoking and WMH progression, and further demonstrate a dose-dependent association.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.