ArticleNeurotoxicity research2015
Neurotoxin mechanisms and processes relevant to Parkinson's disease: an update.
Article in Neurotoxicity research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Mechanisms of Dopaminergic Neuron Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Nrf2/Keap1 Signaling Axis in the Brain: Master Regulator of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative and Psychiatric Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Screening, identification, and experimental validation of SUMOylation biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.Hereditas · 2025Article
- Organic cation transporter 3 on neuronal mitochondria mediates MPPBMC biology · 2025Article
- Aminochrome Induces Neuroinflammation and Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss: A New Preclinical Model to Find Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Drugs for Parkinson's Disease.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- MTERF3 contributes to MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y cells.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2022Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of a Cholecystokinin Analogue in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Ferulic Acid Exerts Neuroprotective Effects via Autophagy Induction inOxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Natural Polysaccharides as Preventive and Therapeutic Horizon for Neurodegenerative Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Alterations of Nigral Dopamine Levels in Parkinson's Disease after Environmental Enrichment and PACAP Treatment in Aging Rats.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Neuroprotection: Targeting Multiple Pathways by Naturally Occurring Phytochemicals.Biomedicines · 2020Review
- Neuroprotective Effect of Quercetin in Combination with Piperine Against Rotenone- and Iron Supplement-Induced Parkinson's Disease in Experimental Rats.Neurotoxicity research · 2020Article
- Differential Effects of LPS and 6-OHDA on Microglia's Morphology in Rats: Implications for Inflammatory Model of Parkinson's Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2020Article
- Guanosine Protects Striatal Slices Against 6-OHDA-Induced Oxidative Damage, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and ATP Depletion.Neurotoxicity research · 2019Article
- Neuroprotective Activity of Some Marine Fungal Metabolites in the 6-Hydroxydopamin- and Paraquat-Induced Parkinson's Disease Models.Marine drugs · 2018Article
- Alteration of the PAC1 Receptor Expression in the Basal Ganglia of MPTP-Induced Parkinsonian Macaque Monkeys.Neurotoxicity research · 2018Article
- Neuroprotection through flavonoid: Enhancement of the glyoxalase pathway.Redox biology · 2018Review
- Adverse outcome pathways: Application to enhance mechanistic understanding of neurotoxicity.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2017Review
- Mimicking Parkinson's Disease in a Dish: Merits and Pitfalls of the Most Commonly used Dopaminergic In Vitro Models.Neuromolecular medicine · 2017Review
- On the Role of DT-Diaphorase Inhibition in Aminochrome-Induced Neurotoxicity In Vivo.Neurotoxicity research · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The molecular mechanism responsible for degenerative process in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unknown. One major advance in this field has been the discovery of several genes associated to familial PD, including alpha synuclein, parkin, LRRK2, etc., thereby providing important insight toward basic research approaches. There is an consensus in neurodegenerative research that mitochon dria dysfunction, protein degradation dysfunction, aggregation of alpha synuclein to neurotoxic oligomers, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress, and neuroinflammation are involved in degeneration of the neuromelanin-containing dopaminergic neurons that are lost in the disease. An update of the mechanisms relating to neurotoxins that are used to produce preclinical models of Parkinson´s disease is presented. 6-Hydroxydopamine, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, and rotenone have been the most wisely used neurotoxins to delve into mechanisms involved in the loss of dopaminergic neurons containing neuromelanin. Neurotoxins generated from dopamine oxidation during neuromelanin formation are likewise reviewed, as this pathway replicates neurotoxin-induced cellular oxidative stress, inactivation of key proteins related to mitochondria and protein degradation dysfunction, and formation of neurotoxic aggregates of alpha synuclein. This survey of neurotoxin modeling-highlighting newer technologies and implicating a variety of processes and pathways related to mechanisms attending PD-is focused on research studies from 2012 to 2014.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.