Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25629660›Full record

ArticleeLife2015

A recurrent regulatory change underlying altered expression and Wnt response of the stickleback armor plates gene EDA.

Natasha M O'Brown, Brian R Summers, Felicity C Jones, Shannon D Brady, David M Kingsley

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  8. The next generation of colour pattern genomics.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025
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  12. Review
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  15. Microevolutionary change in wild stickleback: Using integrative time-series data to infer responses to selection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Natasha M O'BrownDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.
Brian R SummersDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.
Felicity C JonesDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.
Shannon D BradyDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.
David M KingsleyDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, United States.

Funding

Genomic Basis of Vertebrate DiversityP50HG002568 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI KINGSLEY, DAVID M · 2002 to 2011
$29.2M
GENETICS TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PHD CANDIDATEST32GM007790 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BRUNET, ANNE, KINGSLEY, DAVID M · 1985 to 2020
$12.8M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNHGRI NIH HHS 3P50 HG002568NHGRI NIH HHS P50 HG002568NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007790
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Armor plate changes in sticklebacks are a classic example of repeated adaptive evolution. Previous studies identified ectodysplasin (EDA) gene as the major locus controlling recurrent plate loss in freshwater fish, though the causative DNA alterations were not known. Here we show that freshwater EDA alleles have cis-acting regulatory changes that reduce expression in developing plates and spines. An identical T → G base pair change is found in EDA enhancers of divergent low-plated fish. Recreation of the T → G change in a marine enhancer strongly reduces expression in posterior armor plates. Bead implantation and cell culture experiments show that Wnt signaling strongly activates the marine EDA enhancer, and the freshwater T → G change reduces Wnt responsiveness. Thus parallel evolution of low-plated sticklebacks has occurred through a shared DNA regulatory change, which reduces the sensitivity of an EDA enhancer to Wnt signaling, and alters expression in developing armor plates while preserving expression in other tissues.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationAllelesAnimalsAnimal StructuresBase PairingEctodysplasinsEnhancer Elements, GeneticFresh WaterGenes, ReporterPoint MutationSeawaterSmegmamorphaWnt ProteinsWnt Signaling PathwayEctodysplasinsWnt Proteinschromosomesectodysplasin geneenhancerevolutionary biologygenesgenomicsrecurrent mutationskeletal developmentsticklebacksWnt signaling

Identifiers

PMID25629660
PMCPMC4384742

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.