Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25629518›Full record

ArticlePLoS pathogens2015

The M3 muscarinic receptor is required for optimal adaptive immunity to helminth and bacterial infection.

Matthew Darby, Corinna Schnoeller, Alykhan Vira, Fiona Jane Culley, Fiona Culley, Saeeda Bobat, Erin Logan, Frank Kirstein, Jürgen Wess, Adam F Cunningham and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS pathogens, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Selective modulation of murine intestinal MAmerican journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. The Role of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor MInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. T cells at the interface of neuroimmune communication.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2024
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Tuft cell-derived acetylcholine regulates epithelial fluid secretion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. ILC3-derived acetylcholine promotes protease-driven allergic lung pathology.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Matthew DarbyInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Corinna SchnoellerDepartment of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Alykhan ViraInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Fiona Jane CulleyNational Heart and Lung Institute, St.Mary's Campus, Praed Street, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Fiona CulleyNational Heart and Lung Institute, St.Mary's Campus, Praed Street, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Saeeda BobatMedical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Erin LoganInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Frank KirsteinInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jürgen WessMolecular Signaling Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America.
Adam F CunninghamMedical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Frank BrombacherInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Murray E SelkirkDepartment of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
William G C HorsnellInstitute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.

Funding

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes: physiological rolesZIADK075020 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI WESS, JURGEN · 2009 to 2025
$6.1M
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/L009986/1Medical Research Council G1001763Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 059532
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Innate immunity is regulated by cholinergic signalling through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. We show here that signalling through the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) plays an important role in adaptive immunity to both Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, as M3R-/- mice were impaired in their ability to resolve infection with either pathogen. CD4 T cell activation and cytokine production were reduced in M3R-/- mice. Immunity to secondary infection with N. brasiliensis was severely impaired, with reduced cytokine responses in M3R-/- mice accompanied by lower numbers of mucus-producing goblet cells and alternatively activated macrophages in the lungs. Ex vivo lymphocyte stimulation of cells from intact BALB/c mice infected with N. brasiliensis and S. typhimurium with muscarinic agonists resulted in enhanced production of IL-13 and IFN-γ respectively, which was blocked by an M3R-selective antagonist. Our data therefore indicate that cholinergic signalling via the M3R is essential for optimal Th1 and Th2 adaptive immunity to infection.

Indexed as

Adaptive ImmunityAnimalsCells, CulturedLymphocyte ActivationMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, KnockoutNippostrongylusReceptor, Muscarinic M3Salmonella Infections, AnimalSalmonella typhimuriumSignal TransductionStrongylida InfectionsTh1 CellsTh2 CellsReceptor, Muscarinic M3

Identifiers

PMID25629518
PMCPMC4309615

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.