ArticlePlant physiology2015
SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY1, CALMODULIN BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR2, and other transcription factors are involved in ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER1 expression.
Article in Plant physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
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60 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
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- GmAP2 enhances plant tolerance to aluminum toxicity and phosphorus deficiency in Arabidopsis.Plant cell reports · 2025Article
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- Calmodulin-Binding Transcription Factors: Roles in Plant Response to Abiotic Stresses.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Chemical genetics analysis suggests the involvement of Aurora kinase and MAPKs in aluminum-induced malate secretion in Arabidopsis.Journal of plant research · 2025Article
- Structural and functional characterization of cellulose synthase proteins (CesA) in rice and their regulation via brassinosteroid signaling under arsenate stress.Plant cell reports · 2024Article
- SlSTOP1-regulatedHorticulture research · 2024Article
- The Role of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids in Metal Homeostasis in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Systematic Investigation of Aluminum Stress-Related Genes and Their Critical Roles in Plants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- The RAE1-STOP1-GL2-RHD6 module regulates the ALMT1-dependent aluminum resistance in Arabidopsis.Nature communications · 2024Article
- STOP1-regulatedPlant direct · 2024Article
- Arabidopsis ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 and Nucleolar Factors Are Coordinately Involved in the Perinucleolar Patterning of AS2 Bodies and Leaf Development.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Genomic insights into Bacillus subtilis MBB3B9 mediated aluminium stress mitigation for enhanced rice growth.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Recent Updates on ALMT Transporters' Physiology, Regulation, and Molecular Evolution in Plants.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- The transcription factors, STOP1 and TCP20, are required for root system architecture alterations in response to nitrate deficiency.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Identification and expression pattern of aluminium-responsive genes in roots of rice genotype with reference to Al-sensitivity.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Two Sweet Sorghum (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) the root apex is protected from aluminum (Al) rhizotoxicity by excretion of malate, an Al chelator, by ALUMINUM-ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER1 (AtALMT1). AtALMT1 expression is fundamentally regulated by the SENSITIVE TO PROTON RHIZOTOXICITY1 (STOP1) zinc finger protein, but other transcription factors have roles that enable Al-inducible expression with a broad dynamic range. In this study, we characterized multiple cis-elements in the AtALMT1 promoter that interact with transcription factors. In planta complementation assays of AtALMT1 driven by 5' truncated promoters of different lengths showed that the promoter region between -540 and 0 (the first ATG) restored the Al-sensitive phenotype of atalm1 and thus contains cis-elements essential for AtALMT1 expression for Al tolerance. Computation of overrepresented octamers showed that eight regions in this promoter region contained potential cis-elements involved in Al induction and STOP1 regulation. Mutation in a position around -297 from the first ATG completely inactivated AtALMT1 expression and Al response. In vitro binding assays showed that this region contained the STOP1 binding site, which accounted for the recognition by four zinc finger domains of the protein. Other positions were characterized as cis-elements that regulated expression by repressors and activators and a transcription factor that determines root tip expression of AtALMT1. From the consensus of known cis-elements, we identified CALMODULIN-BINDING TRANSCRIPTION ACTIVATOR2 to be an activator of AtALMT1 expression. Al-inducible expression of AtALMT1 changed transcription starting sites, which increased the abundance of transcripts with a shortened 5' untranslated region. The present analyses identified multiple mechanisms that regulate AtALMT1 expression.
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