ReviewRedox biology2015
The shifting perception on antioxidants: the case of vitamin E and β-carotene.
Review in Redox biology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antioxidant therapy for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: Does it work?Redox biology · 2015Pooled it
- Effects of oral administration of common antioxidant supplements on the energy metabolism of red blood cells. Attenuation of oxidative stress-induced changes in Rett syndrome erythrocytes by CoQ10.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2020Trial
- Effects of Microencapsulated and Nanoemulsified β-Carotene on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Function in Weaned Piglets.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Mechanistic redundancy and hierarchy of aging mechanisms: implications for strategies to extend healthspan and biomarker integration.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
- Polyoxometalate-based injectable coacervate inhibits HCC metastasis after incomplete radiofrequency ablation via scavenging ROS.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Causal relationship between carotene levels and male erectile dysfunction: a sex-stratified Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2025Article
- Review
- Mitochondrial Targeted Interventions for Aging.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- The Increasing Role of Short-Term Sperm Storage and Cryopreservation in Conserving Threatened Amphibian Species.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- A Mitochondrial Perspective on Noncommunicable Diseases.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Beneficial and adverse effects of vitamin E on the kidney.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Review
- Oxidative Stress: What Is It? Can It Be Measured? Where Is It Located? Can It Be Good or Bad? Can It Be Prevented? Can It Be Cured?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Review
- Flavonoids Seen through the Energy Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Screening of potential tropical fruits in protecting endothelial dysfunctionFood & nutrition research · 2021Article
- Pro-Oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Carminic Acid Linked to Silica Nanoparticles as Pigment/Antioxidant Bifunctional Excipient for Pharmaceutical Emulsions.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Importance of Dietary Changes During the Coronavirus Pandemic: How to Upgrade Your Immune Response.Frontiers in public health · 2020Review
- Effects of laying breeder hens dietary β-carotene, curcumin, allicin, and sodium butyrate supplementation on the growth performance, immunity, and jejunum morphology of their offspring chicks.Poultry science · 2020Article
- Non-Provitamin A and Provitamin A Carotenoids as Immunomodulators: Recommended Dietary Allowance, Therapeutic Index, or Personalized Nutrition?Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antioxidants are vital for aerobic life, and for decades the expectations of antioxidants as health promoting agents were very high. However, relatively recent meta-analyses of clinical studies show that supplementation of antioxidants does not result in the presumed health benefit, but is associated with increased mortality. The dilemma that still needs to be solved is: what are antioxidants in the end, healthy or toxic? We have evaluated this dilemma by examining the presumed health effects of two individual antioxidants with opposite images i.e. the "poisonous" β-carotene and the "wholesome" vitamin E and focused on one aspect, namely their role in inducing BPDE-DNA adducts. It appears that both antioxidants promote DNA adduct formation indirectly by inhibition of the protective enzyme glutathione-S-transferase π (GST π). Despite their opposite image, both antioxidants display a similar type of toxicity. It is concluded that, in the appreciation of antioxidants, first their benefits should be identified and substantiated by elucidating their molecular mechanism. Subsequently, the risks should be identified including the molecular mechanism. The optimal benefit-risk ratio has to be determined for each antioxidant and each individual separately, also considering the dose.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.