ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Invasive breast cancer reprograms early myeloid differentiation in the bone marrow to generate immunosuppressive neutrophils.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 285 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
285 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 462 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor-associated neutrophils suppress CD8British journal of cancer · 2024Pooled it
- Identification of Novel Low-Density Neutrophil Markers Through Unbiased High-Dimensional Flow Cytometry Screening in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Targeting myeloid cell plasticity and metabolic reprogramming to alleviate T cell dysfunction and exhaustion-associated states and enhance immune checkpoint blockade therapy.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Systemic health impact of cancer-associated extracellular vesicles and particles.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Ineffectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors in prostate cancer: is it just a question of '-mabs'?The Journal of pathology · 2026Review
- CXCL3 Antagonism Reverses Systemic Antitumor Immune Memory Impairment Associated With High Tumor Burden and Sensitizes Anti-PD-1 Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Joint inference of paired dynamical gene regulatory networks reveals distinct cell-state landscapes of neutrophil reprogramming.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Spatially Distinct Bone Marrow Sites Are Asymmetrically Impacted by Inflammatory Cardiovascular Disease.JACC. Basic to translational science · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic unveils tumor-mediated reprogramming of neutrophils and their unique vulnerability that inhibits metastasis.Science advances · 2026Article
- The lethal symbiont: exploring the pathophysiology of cancer.Physiological reviews · 2026Review
- A systemic immune signature stratifies early-stage breast cancer patients and reveals soluble IL-2RA and PD-1 as potential independent prognostic biomarkers.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Tumor-Induced Splenic Remodeling: Mechanisms of Systemic Immunosuppression and Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Platelet-neutrophil cooperation in cancer: mechanisms of metastatic niche formation and implications for prognostic stratification and therapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Multiomics immune profiling of a patient-relevant orthotopic lung cancer model using SEPARATE-Seq.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hijacking emergency granulopoiesis: Neutrophil ontogeny and reprogramming in cancer.Molecular oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting erythroid progenitor cell metabolism to enhance cancer immunotherapy.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Cyclophosphamide-Mediated Induction of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells In Vivo: Kinetics of Accumulation, Immune Profile, and Immunomodulation by Oleanane-Type Triterpenoids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dihydroartemisinin Promotes N1 Polarization of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils and Enhances Their Anti-Tumor Activity via Hub Gene Modulation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Tumor-Induced Rewiring of Splenic Niches: from Immune Organ to Cancer Accomplice.International journal of biological sciences · 2026Review
225 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Expansion of myeloid cells associated with solid tumor development is a key contributor to neoplastic progression. Despite their clinical relevance, the mechanisms controlling myeloid cell production and activity in cancer remains poorly understood. Using a multistage mouse model of breast cancer, we show that production of atypical T cell-suppressive neutrophils occurs during early tumor progression, at the onset of malignant conversion, and that these cells preferentially accumulate in peripheral tissues but not in the primary tumor. Production of these cells results from activation of a myeloid differentiation program in bone marrow (BM) by a novel mechanism in which tumor-derived granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) directs expansion and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells to skew hematopoiesis toward the myeloid lineage. Chronic skewing of myeloid production occurred in parallel to a decrease in erythropoiesis in BM in mice with progressive disease. Significantly, we reveal that prolonged G-CSF stimulation is both necessary and sufficient for the distinguishing characteristics of tumor-induced immunosuppressive neutrophils. These results demonstrate that prolonged G-CSF may be responsible for both the development and activity of immunosuppressive neutrophils in cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.