ArticleJournal of vision2015
A five-primary photostimulator suitable for studying intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell functions in humans.
Article in Journal of vision, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Simulated and natural changes in intraocular transparency selectively affect photoreceptor-specific pupil responses.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Calculation of silent substitution stimuli for full-field electroretinography using the SilentSubstiTutor application.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2026Article
- A method for setting the melanopsin and rhodopsin content in commercial LED sources to investigate the effects of ambient light on behavior.Behavior research methods · 2025Article
- Melanopsin-mediated image statistics from natural and human-made environments.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pupillometric and perceptual approaches provide independent estimates of melanopsin activity in humans.Sleep · 2025Article
- Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells and visual processing: ipRGCs beyond non-image-forming functions.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- PySilSub: An open-source Python toolbox for implementing the method of silent substitution in vision and nonvisual photoreception research.Journal of vision · 2023Article
- PyPlr: A versatile, integrated system of hardware and software for researching the human pupillary light reflex.Behavior research methods · 2022Article
- A five-primary Maxwellian-view display for independent control of melanopsin, rhodopsin, and three-cone opsins on a fine spatial scale.Journal of vision · 2022Article
- Melanopsin photoreception differentially modulates rod-mediated and cone-mediated human temporal vision.iScience · 2022Article
- The role of melanopsin photoreception on visual attention linked pupil responses.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Article
- Electroretinographic responses to luminance and cone-isolating white noise stimuli in macaques.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Optimising metameric spectra for integrative lighting to modulate the circadian system without affecting visual appearance.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Comparison of macaque and human L- and M-cone driven electroretinograms.Experimental eye research · 2021Article
- Deep learning-based pupil model predicts time and spectral dependent light responses.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Crosstalk: The diversity of melanopsin ganglion cell types has begun to challenge the canonical divide between image-forming and non-image-forming vision.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2020Review
- Prediction accuracy of L- and M-cone based human pupil light models.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Demonstrating a multi-primary high dynamic range display system for vision experiments.Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision · 2020Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) can respond to light directly through self-contained photopigment, melanopsin. IpRGCs also receive synaptic inputs from rods and cones. Thus, studying ipRGC functions requires a novel photostimulating method that can account for all of the photoreceptor inputs. Here, we introduced an inexpensive LED-based five-primary photostimulator that can control the excitations of rods, S-, M-, L-cones, and melanopsin-containing ipRGCs in humans at constant background photoreceptor excitation levels, a critical requirement for studying the adaptation behavior of ipRGCs with rod, cone, or melanopsin input. We described the theory and technical aspects (including optics, electronics, software, and calibration) of the five-primary photostimulator. Then we presented two preliminary studies using the photostimulator we have implemented to measure melanopsin-mediated pupil responses and temporal contrast sensitivity function (TCSF). The results showed that the S-cone input to pupil responses was antagonistic to the L-, M- or melanopsin inputs, consistent with an S-OFF and (L + M)-ON response property of primate ipRGCs (Dacey et al., 2005). In addition, the melanopsin-mediated TCSF had a distinctive pattern compared with L + M or S-cone mediated TCSF. Other than controlling individual photoreceptor excitation independently, the five-primary photostimulator has the flexibility in presenting stimuli modulating any combination of photoreceptor excitations, which allows researchers to study the mechanisms by which ipRGCs combine various photoreceptor inputs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.