Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25623073›Full record

ArticleBMC research notes2015

International inter-school competition to encourage children to walk to school: a mixed methods feasibility study.

Ruth F Hunter, Debra de Silva, Veronica Reynolds, William Bird, Kenneth R Fox

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC research notes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Shaping Pathways to Child Health: A Systematic Review of Street-Scale Interventions in City Streets.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  9. Physical activity and social connectedness interventions in outdoor spaces among children and youth: a rapid review.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ruth F HunterCentre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK. ruth.hunter@qub.ac.uk.
Debra de SilvaThe Evidence Centre, London, England, UK. debra@evidencecentre.com.
Veronica ReynoldsIntelligent Health Ltd, Reading, England, UK. veronica.reynolds@intelligenthealth.co.uk.
William BirdIntelligent Health Ltd, Reading, England, UK. william.bird@intelligenthealth.co.uk.
Kenneth R FoxCentre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK. k.r.fox@bristol.ac.uk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundActive travel to school can be an important contributor to the total physical activity of children but levels have declined and more novel approaches are required to stimulate this as an habitual behaviour. The aim of this mixed methods study was to investigate the feasibility of an international walk to school competition supported by novel swipecard technology to increase children's walking to/from school.

methodsChildren aged 9-13 years old participated in an international walk to school competition to win points for themselves, their school and their country over a 4-week period. Walks to and from school were recorded using swipecard technology and a bespoke website. For each point earned by participants, 1 pence (£ 0.01) was donated to the charity of the school's choice. The primary outcome was number of walks to/from school objectively recorded using the swipecard tracking system over the intervention period. Other measures included attitudes towards walking collected at baseline and week 4 (post-intervention). A qualitative sub-study involving focus groups with children, parents and teachers provided further insight.

resultsA total of 3817 children (mean age 11.5 ± SD 0.7) from 12 schools in three cities (London and Reading, England and Vancouver, Canada) took part in the intervention, representing a 95% intervention participation rate. Results show a gradual decline in the average number of children walking to and from school over the 4-week period (week 1 mean 29% ± SD2.5; week 2 mean 18% ± SD3.6; week 3 mean 14% ± SD4.0; week 4 mean 12% ± SD1.1). Post intervention, 97% of children felt that walking to school helped them stay healthy, feel happy (81%) and stay alert in class (76%). These results are supported by qualitative findings from children, parents and teachers. Key areas for improvement include the need to incorporate strategies for maintenance of behaviour change into the intervention and also to adopt novel methods of data collection to increase follow-up rates.

conclusionsThis mixed methods study suggests that an international walk to school competition using innovative technology can be feasibly implemented and offers a novel way of engaging schools and motivating children to walk to school.

Indexed as

AdolescentCanadaChildCompetitive BehaviorEnglandFeasibility StudiesFemaleFocus GroupsHumansMaleMotivationSchoolsStudentsWalking

Identifiers

PMID25623073
PMCPMC4349778

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.