Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25622001›Full record

ArticleNature materials2015

Calcium carbonate nucleation driven by ion binding in a biomimetic matrix revealed by in situ electron microscopy.

Paul J M Smeets, Kang Rae Cho, Ralph G E Kempen, Nico A J M Sommerdijk, James J De Yoreo

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed
25.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 430 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Thermodynamics of calcium binding to heparin: Implications of solvation and water structuring for polysaccharide biofunctions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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  10. Frontiers in chemistry · 2025
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  18. Insights into the precipitation kinetics of CaCOJournal of applied crystallography · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Paul J M Smeets1] Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA [2] Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Soft Matter CryoTEM Unit, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands [3] Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands [4] Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
Kang Rae ChoMolecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Ralph G E KempenLaboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Soft Matter CryoTEM Unit, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Nico A J M Sommerdijk1] Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Soft Matter CryoTEM Unit, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands [2] Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
James J De YoreoPhysical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA.
Eindhoven University of Technology · NLPacific Northwest National Laboratory · USLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The characteristic shapes, structures and properties of biominerals arise from their interplay with a macromolecular matrix. The developing mineral interacts with acidic macromolecules, which are either dissolved in the crystallization medium or associated with insoluble matrix polymers, that affect growth habits and phase selection or completely inhibit precipitation in solution. Yet little is known about the role of matrix-immobilized acidic macromolecules in directing mineralization. Here, by using in situ liquid-phase electron microscopy to visualize the nucleation and growth of CaCO3 in a matrix of polystyrene sulphonate (PSS), we show that the binding of calcium ions to form Ca-PSS globules is a key step in the formation of metastable amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), an important precursor phase in many biomineralization systems. Our findings demonstrate that ion binding can play a significant role in directing nucleation, independently of any control over the free-energy barrier to nucleation.

Indexed as

Biomimetic MaterialsCalcium CarbonateCrystallizationIonsMacromolecular SubstancesMaterials TestingMicroscopy, Atomic ForceMicroscopy, Electron, TransmissionMineralsMolecular StructureNanoparticlesPolystyrenesSolutionsCalcium CarbonateIonsMacromolecular SubstancesMineralsPolystyrenespolystyrene sulfonic acidSolutions

Identifiers

PMID25622001
OpenAlexW2052109573

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.